Question

Write short note on:
a. Trade winds.
b. Roaring Forties

Answer 1

TRADE WINDS:-The trade winds are the prevailing pattern of easterly surface winds found in the tropics, within the lower portion of the Earth's atmosphere, in the lower section of the troposphere near the Earth's equator. The trade winds blow predominantly from the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and from the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere, strengthening during the winter and when the Arctic oscillation is in its warm phase. Trade winds have been used by captains of sailing ships to cross the world's oceans for centuries, and enabled colonial expansion into the Americas and trade routes to become established across the Atlanticand Pacific oceans.
ROARING FORTIES:-The Roaring Forties are strong westerly winds found in the Southern Hemisphere, generally between the latitudes of 40 and 50 degrees.[1]The strong west-to-east air currents are caused by the combination of air being displaced from the Equator towards the South Pole, the Earth's rotation, and the scarcity of landmasses to serve as windbreaks.
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Answer 2

Trade winds:

• Different wind systems dominate different parts of the planet. These parts are divided roughly horizontally from north to south on the entire planet.
• The winds that dominate the region roughly between 30° north and 30° south are called 'Trade Winds'.
• The name comes from the role that these winds played in the sea route trades between different regions of the world during the medieval period. These winds favor the movement of ships by pushing them forward.
• The major characteristic of these winds is that they flow from east to west without changing their direction. These winds are recognized to owe their motion and their direction to the Coriolis effect.

Roaring Forties:

• Roaring Forties are local winds that are existent in the southern hemisphere.
• These are found flowing majorly between 40° and 50° south latitudes (aka 'Horse Latitudes').
• The winds get their name from their nature of violent and noisy movement that happens at great speeds between the said latitudes.
• These winds are also called southern westerlies as they flow in the southern hemisphere from west to east.
• These winds are considered the hardest to sail through.