Write short note on following: Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum
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Answers
Golgi apparatus:- It has been likened to the cell's post office. A major function is the modifying, sorting and packaging of proteins for secretion. It is also involved in the transport of lipids around the cell, and the creation of lysosomes. The sacs or folds of the Golgi apparatus are called cisternae.
endoplasmic reticulum:- Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in biology, a continuous membrane system that forms a series of flattened sacs within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and serves multiple functions, being important particularly in the synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins .
Answer:
Golgi Apparatus:-
The Golgi apparatus occurs in the form of granules, filament, or rods that originate from the endoplasmic reticulum. These are very small vesicles of different shapes and are generally located near the nucleus.
Endoplasmic Reticulum:-
The term 'endoplasmic reticulum’ was first coined by porter in 1945.
ER is abundant in the liver, pancreas, and other actively synthesizing cells. ER is absent in RBC, ova, embryonic cells, and prokaryotes.
There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum:-
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(I) Tubular forms with ribosomes. Tubular forms without ribosomes.
(II) it is more developed in cells actively engaged in protein synthesis. It is abundant in the cells engaged in glycogen and limit metabolism
However, rough ER may be converted into smooth ER and vice versa, depending upon the metabolic requirements of the cell.
it provides mechanical supports to the cytoplasm
it plays an important role in the storage of protein.
smooth ER is involved in glycogenesis.
Explanation: