Write short note on Kolbe-Schmitt reaction.
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Reaction of phenol with NaOH and CO2 to form salicylic acid is known as kolbe's reaction. In this reaction phenol reacts with NaOH to form sodium phenoxide. Phenoxide ion is better ortho para director than phenol. Hence CO2 attacks at ortho position of phenol and hence further sodium salt of salicylic acid is obtained, which on acidification forms salicylic acid.
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The Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe process (named after Hermann Kolbe and Rudolf Schmitt) is a carboxylation chemical reaction that proceeds by heating sodium phenoxide (the sodium salt of phenol) with carbon dioxide under pressure (100 atm, 125 °C), then treating the product with sulfuric acid.
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