write short note on soil and its types?
Answers
Types of soil :-
⇒ Alluvial Soil
Most widely spread and important soil
Comprise of sand, silt and clay.
Classified as Khadar and Bangar.
Very fertile, good for growth of wheat, paddy, sugar cane and pulses.
Found in Rajasthan, Gujarat, eastern coastal plains.
⇒ Black soil
Black coloured soil is also known as regur soil.
Made up of fine, clayey matter.
Well known for their capacity to hold moisture.
Ideal growth for cotton and known as black cotton soil.
Found in plateau of Maharashtra, Make a, Madhya Pradesh, Saurastra and Chattisgarh.
⇒ Red and yellow soils
Develop on crystalline rocks.
Develop reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
Look yellow when occur in hydrated form.
Found in parts of Odisha, Chattishgarh, Southern part of middle Ganag plain.
⇒ Laterite soils
Result of intense teaching due to heavy rain.
Low humus content.
Suitable for cultivation with adequate doses of manures and fertilizers.
More suitable for crops like cashew nut.
Found in Kerala, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Jadu and hilly areas of Odisha and Assam.
⇒ Arid soil
Colour ranges from red to brown.
Sandy texture, saline in nature.
In some areas their salt content is high.
Lack humus and moisture.
Found in western Rajasthan.
⇒ Forest soils
Loamy and silty in valley and coarse grained in upper slopes.
Fertile in the lower parts of valleys.
Texture varies according to the mountain environment.
Acidic with low humus content.
Found in hilly and mountainous region.