Question

Write short note on tourism

Answer 1

Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours.[2] Tourism may be international, or within the traveller's country. The World Tourism Organization defines tourism more generally, in terms which go "beyond the common perception of tourism as being limited to holiday activity only", as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure and not less than 24 hours, business and other purposes".[3]

Tourism can be domestic or international, and international tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country's balance of payments. Today, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, and affects the economy of both the source and host countries, in some cases being of vital importance.[4]

Tourism suffered as a result of a strong economic slowdown of the late-2000s recession, between the second half of 2008 and the end of 2009, and the outbreak of the H1N1 influenza virus,[5][6] but slowly recovered. International tourism receipts (the travel item in the balance of payments) grew to US$1.03 trillion (€740 billion) in 2011, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 3.8% from 2010.[7] International tourist arrivals surpassed the milestone of 1 billion tourists globally for the first time in 2012,[8]emerging markets such as China, Russia, and Brazil had significantly increased their spending over the previous decade.[9] The ITB Berlin is the world's leading tourism trade fair.[10] Global tourism accounts for ca. 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions.[1


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Answer 2

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Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries of the world. It plays a vital role in the economic development of a country. India is one of the popular tourist destinations in Asia. Bounded by the Himalayan ranges in the north and surrounded, on three sides by water , India offers a wide array of places to see and things to do. The enchanting backwaters, hill stations and landscapes make India a beautiful country. They attract tourists from all over the world.

Tourism is the second largest foreign exchange earner in India. The tourism industry employs a large number of people both skilled and unskilled. Tourism is the largest service industry in India with a contribution of 6.23 percent of the national GDP and 8,78 percent of the total employment in India. Hotels, travel agencies, transport including airlines benefit a lot from this industry. Tourism promotes national integration and international understanding. It generates foreign exchange. It promotes cultural activities.

India has a composite culture. There is a harmonious blend of art , religion and philosophy. Though India has been subjected to a series of invasions, she has retained her originality even after absorbing the best of the external influences. Religious like Christianity , Buddhism, Islam, Hinduism , Jainism , Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, etc. have co existed in India. India has fascinated people from all over the world with her secularism and her culture.

The diverse geographical locales of India delight the tourists. The monuments, museums, forts, sanctuaries , places of religious interest, palaces, etc. offer a treat to the eyes. Every region is identified with its handicrafts ,fairs, folk dances , music and its people.

Some of the places that attract a huge number of tourists are Agra, Jaipur jhansi , hyderabad, Nalanda, Mysore, Delhi , Mahabaleshwar , A urangabad , etc. Haridwar , Ujjain , Shirdi , V aransi , A llahabad , puri , Jammu , B adrinath etc. are famous hill resorts.

The Tourism Advisory Board recommends measures for promotion of tourist traffic in India. It reviews the tourist trends and suggests appropriate measures. Some of the palaces Havelis and castles have been converted into heritage hotels. In these hotels the tourists get to experience the exotic lifestyle of a bygone era. The exotic train Palace on Wheels which travels through Rajasthan attracts a lot of foreign tourists. The Indian Tourism Development corporation organises entertainment programmes like folk dances and songs and provides shopping facilities. Today many private companies like Sita Travels, Club Mahindra , etc. arrange domestic as well as foreign tours.

With the growth of the urban professional middle class, tourism n India is flourishing. Many states have taken necessary steps to promote tourism. Goa promotes water sports like sailing scuba diving and rafting. Kashmir offers the pleasure of winter sports like skiing and mountaineering.

In 2005, the Indian Tourism Development Corporation started a campaign called Incredible India to encourage tourism in India. The slogan of this campaign is Athithi Devoh Bhaboh. For a better growth the department divided different places in different sections like spiritual tourism spa tourism eco tourism and adventure tourism.

India’s performance in tourism sector has been quite impressive. During the period 2002 to 2009 India witnessed an increase in the Foreign Tourist Arrivals from 2.38 million to 5.11 million resulting in the average annual increase of about 11.5 percent. Domestic tourism has also got a big boost. The number of domestic tourist visits increased from 270 million in 2002 to 650 million in 2009 with an average annual growth rate of 13.4 percent.

India has a growing medical tourism sector. With an increasing number of foreign patients flocking to India for treatment, our country has become an attractive destination for medical tourism. Things have now started looking bright for the tourism industry.

On the negative side tourism may damage environment. In order to accommodate large number of tourists, sprawling resorts are built. The indiscriminate construction destroys local architectural styles and ecological balance. Arrangements as desired by tourists are provided in order to satisfy them.

The Indian tourism industry has been hit by pollution. The effluents emitted by the Mathura Refinery has led to the discolourization of the Taj Mahal is Agra. The condition of many of our monuments is deteriorating due to the negligence of the authorities concerned.

Terrorism now a days has become a global problem. Our country is also not an exception. The terrorist attacks agitations and separatist movements hinder the growth of tourism. Kashmir is the paradise for domestic and international tourists. The Skirmishes in this valley hamper the growth of tourism which is very important for the economy of the state.