Write short notes on Abacus & Pascaline.
Answers
Answer:
*Abacus:
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An abacus is a manual aid to calculating that consists of beads or disks that can be moved up and down on a series of sticks or strings within a usually wooden frame. The abacus itself doesn't calculate; it's simply a device for helping a human being to calculate by remembering what has been counted.
*Pascaline:
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Pascaline, also called Arithmetic Machine, the first calculator or adding machine to be produced in any quantity and actually used. The Pascaline was designed and built by the French mathematician-philosopher Blaise Pascal between 1642 and 1644.
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Abacus:-
= One of the first devices used for mechanical computations was the abacus. It usually consist of a rectangular frame divided into two parts by mid bar enclosing rods on which balls or beads are moved. The upper part is called heaven consists of two beads and each bead equal to value 5 and lower part is called earth, consists of five beads and each bead equal to value of 1. A person moves the beads to perform arithmetic calculations.
Pascaline:-
= Blaise Pascal, a French Mathematician invented the first mechanical calculating machine called Pascaline in 1642 when he was 19 years old. The Pascaline is a numerical wheel calculator which had 8 movable dials. It worked on the principle of rotating wheels. This machine could only do addition, subtraction and multiplication by repeated addition and division by repeated subtraction. The numbers of calculating capacity of Pascaline was 9,99,99,999.