Write short notes on alluvial soil it's characteristics and different location
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Alluvial soil is widely spread in all over the world, which occupies 15 lakh sq.km place of the world. From many of the rivers and rapids, these lands transferred.It is amongst the most fertile soils. It is fine-grained fertile soil deposited in river beds or by water flowing over flood plains. They lack humus and nitrogen.The Alluvial soil is producing from the river banks, and it highly deposited from it. But sometimes the alluvial soil decreases, because due to the lack of carrying capacity, reduce the velocity of the soils in India.It described that which cannot be done by the river slowly, while during the slowing down, it is possible to hold the large soil particles.In many of the state has the river, where the massive soil particle suspended and these particles thus settle down on the riverbed.During the slowing pace of the river, the river enables smaller particles in the water to pay.The speed of the river pace, when considered slowly, then it cannot be good for the alluvial soil because it only serves the high velocity of alluvial soil.The remaining alluvial soil is the lastly generated by the slowing pace of river. It deposited in the mouth of the river, where the deltas comprising finely grained soil.There are the two types of alluvium soil, which found throughout the Indo-Gangetic plain, namely Khadar, consistent in texture and rather fertile, and Bhangar, which consists of alkaline.Alluvial soil is the most crucial and pervasive kind of soil found in India.They have been brought down and deposited by three large Himalayan rivers, Sutlej River, Ganga River and Brahmaputra River, and their tributaries.Through a tapered outlet in the state of Rajasthan, they continue into the plains of Gujarat.They are common in the eastern coastal plains and also in the deltas of Mahanadi River, Godavari River, Krishna River and Kaveri River.The river deposits extremely refined particles of soil, called alluvium in their plains during the path of their long travail, spread over hundreds of kilometres and thousands of years.These soils consist of different ratios of clay, sand and silt. They are prevalent in the coastal plains and deltas.Further inland in the river valleys, the soil particles appear heavier in size. In the upper reaches of the river valleys, i.e. near the place of their origin, the soils are coarser.Soil particles are larger, and a longer way from being smooth, Such soils are more familiar in piedmont plains, i.e. those that are near the foot of mountains.Alluvial soil consisted of the land of the world, which preserves by the river banks. It increased in the broad category of the world by the river.It is the most popular group, which is in throughout the country.The alluvial soil covers 40% of the land area in India. It covers the area of 15 lakh sq.km.The most important thing is that; the contribution of the alluvial soil takes a large part in the matter of agriculture.It mostly developed in the country by the rivers; there are most rivers around the country and particularly all over the Indo-Gangetic Plain.The alluvial soil consisted in the entire place of northern plainsThe alluvial soil also extended into the plains of Gujarat, and it also found in the eastern coastal plains as well.Alluvial soil is also distinguishing according to their age also, apart from the size of their grains and particles.The group of the alluvium soil have many of the types and in that land also included the new alluvium types.The new alluvium is the oldest from the alluvium, and it is ten thousand years old.There is two type of alluvium, first is the old alluvium and second is the new alluvium, and both are different from each other.The old alluvium called ‘Bhangar’, and new alluvium called the ‘Khadar’.The old alluvial soils often contain kankar nodules, with calcium carbonates in sub-soil.The new alluvium is entirely different from the old alluvial soil, and it is richer as compared to old alluvial soil.Both of the alluvial soil are exceptional from each other, and manually, they carry ample potash, lime and phosphoric acid.The both alluvial soil have the lacking in nitrogenous and organic substance.Alluvial soils in the drier areas of India are more alkaline in nature. Alluvial soils sustain over half the Indian population.The alluvial soils mostly found in the plains of Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Orissa and Tamil Nadu.It is predominant in the valleys of Narmada, along Mahanadi, Tapti, Cauvery and Godavari, etc.