Write short notes on Balancing of crankshaft.
Answers
The first step in understanding crankshaft balancing is to understand the purpose of the counterweights. The counterweights are designed to offset the weight of the rod and pistons. You have the weight of the crankshaft and the pistons and rods.
The crankshaft is an engine component that converts the linear (reciprocating) motion of the piston into rotary motion. The crankshaft is the main rotating component of an engine and is commonly made of ductile iron.The real goal of balancing a rotating assembly is to make sure that the crankshaft counterweights offset the rotating and reciprocating forces created by pistons and rods. With today's lightweight pistons and rods, accomplishing this usually involves removing mass from the crank counterweights.The function of the crankshaft is to translate the linear reciprocating motion of a pistons into the rotational motion required by the automobile. This is accomplished by connecting the pistons to the crank throws, which are offset from the central axis of the crankshaft to create a rotation about that axis.Balancing helps an engine run smoother with less vibration which creates less havoc on main bearings and helps things last longer. Blueprinting is an interesting term. Almost no engine is blueprinted. Blueprinting can also mean (loosely) building an engine by following a set of factory specs.For some engines it is necessary to provide counterweights for the reciprocating mass of each piston and connecting rod to improve engine balance. These are typically cast as part of the crankshaft but, occasionally, are bolt-on pieces.Very seldom do you here of a new crankshaft breaking “out of the box”. Usually a crank will break because of another failure. In a diesel engine the amount torque created during a failure such as a spun bearing can cause a crank to snap. Because of this process the crankshaft is extremely hard but also brittle.Two types of crankshaft are produced, cast and forged, with integrated or bolted-on counterweights. The pistons, connecting rods and crankshaft together form the crank mechanism.
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