Question

Write short notes on Controllability and Observability.

Answer 1

Controllability is an important property of a control system, and the controllability property plays acrucial role in many control problems, such as stabilization of unstable systems by feedback, or optimal control.

Observation, as the name implies, is a way of collecting data through observing. Observation data collection method is classified as a participatory study, because the researcher has to immerse herself in the setting where her respondents are, while taking notes and/or recording.

Observation as a data collection method can be structured or unstructured. In structured or systematic observation, data collection is conducted using specific variables and according to a pre-defined schedule. Unstructured observation, on the other hand, is conducted in an open and free manner in a sense that there would be no pre-determined variables

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Answer 2

Answer:

• Controllability is the ability of a system to reach a fixed state from a finite state.
• Observability is the ability for understanding the internal states of a system based on the output of the system.

Explanation:

• Controllability is important for controlling a system. Controllability  is used to control problem and to stabilize any unstable situation. Controllability in a system can works in various forms like-

1. State controllability
2. Output controllability
3. Behavioral controllability etc.

• Observability decides how fast the root of a problem can be recognized. Observability monitors modern system more effectively.  Observability focuses on four main types of data-

1. logs
2. metrics
3. traces
4. dependencies.

• Controllability and Observability are considered as dual aspects of a problem.