Write short notes on Indo -China political relationship.
Answers
On 1 April, 1950, India became the first non-socialist bloc country to establish diplomatic
relations with the People’s Republic of China. Prime Minister Nehru visited China in
October 1954. While, the India-China border conflict in 1962 was a serious setback to
ties, Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi’s landmark visit in 1988 began a phase of
improvement in bilateral relations. In 1993, the signing of an Agreement on the
Maintenance of Peace and Tranquility along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) on the
India-China Border Areas during Prime Minister Narasimha Rao’s visit reflected the
growing stability and substance in bilateral ties.
Visits of Heads of States/Heads of Governments
Cumulative outcomes of the recent high level visits have been transformational for our
ties. During Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s visit in 2003, India and China signed a
Declaration on Principles for Relations and Comprehensive Cooperation and also
mutually decided to appoint Special Representatives (SRs) to explore the framework of
a boundary settlement from the political perspective. During the April 2005 visit of
Premier Wen Jiabao, the two sides established a Strategic and Cooperative Partnership
for Peace and Prosperity, while the signing of an agreement on Political Parameters
and Guiding Principles, signaled the successful conclusion of the first phase of SR
Talks.
During the State Visit of Chinese President Mr. Xi Jinping to India from 17 to 19
September 2014, a total of 16 agreements were signed in various sectors including,
commerce & trade, railways, space -cooperation, pharmaceuticals, audio-visual co-
production, culture, establishment of industrial parks, sister-city arrangements etc. The
two sides also signed a MoU to open an additional route for Kailash Mansarovar Yatra
through Nathu La. The Chinese side agreed to establish two Chinese Industrial Parks in
India and expressed their intention to enhance Chinese investment in India.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited China from May 14-16, 2015. Besides meeting
with the Chinese leadership, Prime Minister Modi and Premier Li also addressed the
opening session of the First State/Provincial Leaders’ Forum in Beijing. There were 24
agreements signed on the government -to-government side, 26 MoUs on the business-
to-business side and two joint statements, including one on climate change. Prime
Minister also announced the extension of the e-visa facility to Chinese nationals wishing
to travel to India.
The momentum of meetings at the leadership level continued in 2016 too. President
Pranab Mukherjee made a state visit to China from May 24 to 27, 2016. He visited
Guangdong and Beijing where he met with the Chinese leadership. President also
delivered a keynote address at the Peking University and attended a Round Table
between Vice Chancellors and Heads of institutions of higher learning of the two
countries. Ten MoUs providing for enhanced faculty and student exchanges as well as collaboration in research and innovation were concluded between the higher education
institutions of the two countries. Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited China in
September 2016 to participate in the G20 Summit in Hangzhou and September 2017 to
participate in the BRICS Summit in Xiamen, where he also held bilateral talks with
President Xi Jinping. President Xi Jinping visited India in October 2016 to participate in
the BRICS Summit in Goa. The two leaders also met along the sidelines of the SCO
Heads of States Summit in Tashkent in June 2016 and in Astana in June 2017.
On 1 April, 1950, India became the first non-socialist bloc country to establish diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China. Prime Minister Nehru visited China in October 1954. While, the India-China border conflict in 1962 was a serious setback to ties, Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi’s landmark visit in 1988 began a phase of improvement in bilateral relations. In 1993, the signing of an Agreement on the Maintenance of Peace and Tranquility along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) on the India-China Border Areas during Prime Minister Narasimha Rao’s visit reflected the growing stability and substance in bilateral ties. Visits of Heads of States/Heads of Governments Cumulative outcomes of the recent high level visits have been transformational for our ties. During Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s visit in 2003, India and China signed a Declaration on Principles for Relations and Comprehensive Cooperation and also mutually decided to appoint Special Representatives (SRs) to explore the framework of a boundary settlement from the political perspective. During the April 2005 visit of Premier Wen Jiabao, the two sides established a Strategic and Cooperative Partnership for Peace and Prosperity, while the signing of an agreement on Political Parameters and Guiding Principles, signaled the successful conclusion of the first phase of SR Talks. During the State Visit of Chinese President Mr. Xi Jinping to India from 17 to 19 September 2014, a total of 16 agreements were signed in various sectors including, commerce & trade, railways, space -cooperation, pharmaceuticals, audio-visual co-production, culture, establishment of industrial parks, sister-city arrangements etc. The two sides also signed a MoU to open an additional route for Kailash Mansarovar Yatra through Nathu La. The Chinese side agreed to establish two Chinese Industrial Parks in India and expressed their intention to enhance Chinese investment in India. Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited China from May 14-16, 2015. Besides meeting with the Chinese leadership, Prime Minister Modi and Premier Li also addressed the opening session of the First State/Provincial Leaders’ Forum in Beijing. There were 24 agreements signed on the government -to-government side, 26 MoUs on the business-to-business side and two joint statements, including one on climate change. Prime Minister also announced the extension of the e-visa facility to Chinese nationals wishing to travel to India. The momentum of meetings at the leadership level continued in 2016 too. President Pranab Mukherjee made a state visit to China from May 24 to 27, 2016. He visited Guangdong and Beijing where he met with the Chinese leadership. President also delivered a keynote address at the Peking University and attended a Round Table between Vice Chancellors and Heads of institutions of higher learning of the two countries. Ten MoUs providing for enhanced faculty and student exchanges as well as collaboration in research and innovation were concluded between the higher education institutions of the two countries. Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited China in September 2016 to participate in the G20 Summit in Hangzhou and September 2017 to participate in the BRICS Summit in Xiamen, where he also held bilateral talks with President Xi Jinping. President Xi Jinping visited India in October 2016 to participate in the BRICS Summit in Goa. The two leaders also met along the sidelines of the SCO Heads of States Summit in Tashkent in June 2016 and in Astana in June 2017.