Question

Write short notes on the following :

1. Harshavardhana Or
Hiuen Tsang

2. Aryabhatta Or
Chandragupta II

3. Rajaraja the Great Or
Pallava Art

4. Chaitanya Or
Chisti form of Sufism

5. Two reasons for decline of Delhi Sultanate Or
Battles of Tarain (1191–1192)​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Harsha (c. 590–647 CE), also known as Harshavardhana, was an Indian emperor who ruled North India from 606 to 647 CE. He was a member of the Vardhana dynasty; and was the son of Prabhakarvardhana who defeated the Alchon Huna invaders, and the younger brother of Rajyavardhana, a king of Thanesar, present-day Haryana.

2.Aryabhatta was the first mathematician, astronomer and scientist of India who created or discovered the number zero, the place value system, algebraic identities, trigonometrical functions, the value of pi, the shape of the solar system and the whole concept of rotation and revolution of planets.

3.The Pallavas were great patrons of learning.It was a great age of temple building. The Pallavas introduced the art of excavating temples from the rock. In fact, the Dravidian style of temple architecture began with the Pallava rule. It was a gradual evolution starting from the cave temples to monolithic rathas and culminated in structural temples. The development of temple architecture under the Pallavas can be seen in four stages.

4. Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was a 15th century Vedic spiritual leader, who is considered an avatar of Lord Krishna by his followers. ... Chaitanya Mahaprabhu is credited with popularizing the 'Maha Mantra' or 'Hare Krishna Mantra. ' He is also known for composing in Sanskrit a prayer of eight verses, known as 'Siksastakam.

5.The Battles of Tarain, also known as the Battles of Taraori, were series of two battles fought in 1191 and 1192 A.D between Prithviraj Chauhan III of Ajmer and Ghurid ruler Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad or Mohd. Ghori. The battles were fought near the town of Tarain (Taraori), near Thanesar in present-day Haryana.

Answer 2

Short note:

1)$\sf \pink{Harshavardhan:}$He was a valiant king of thaneshwar. He made his empire very big in North India from a small States of thaneshwar by keeping on a victrous journey for seven years. He used to keep personal watch on the administration of his state. He had divided his routine into three parts first part for public welfare, second part for religious duties and third part for administration state, to carry out deeds of public welfare and religious duties..

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2) $\sf\pink{chandragupta-2(vikramaditya):}$In the year 375 A.D.. Samundragupta passed away and in his place Chandragupta-|| assended the throne. His name was devgupta but his grandfather he was known as chandragupta. He was not only successfully kept the inherited empire intact, but also annexed more states and extended the empire. The kingdom of chandragupta-|| became the king had common boundaries with shaka state. He attacked the shakas with the army and brought an end Kshatrap dynasty. In the honour of his victory he got the title 'shakeri'. He was also called 'vikramaditya' and also started 'Vikram Samvat'. This newly won province was very important on the coast of Gujarat.

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4.$\sf \pink{Chaitanya \Mahaprabhu:}$Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was the last guru or preacher in Acharya tradition, in vaishnavism. He was born in 1485 CE in the famous educational place Navdeep(nadiya) in bengal. He become a well-known because of his meditation. The depth of his devotion knew no bounds. He popularized the chant of the hare krishna maha mantra. Within a short span, this mantra spread all over the bengal. People of any caste would join 'kirtan Mandali'. People even started having kirtans in their homes. He spread the message of 'krishna bhakti' in different corners of different states..