Write some descriptions of Cholas, Cheras, Pandyas and Pallavas.
Answers
The Chera dynasty was one of the principal lineages in the early history of the present day states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu and union territory of Puducherry in southern India.the symbol is bow and arrow.
The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in history. The earliest datable references to this Tamil dynasty are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Ashoka, of the Maurya Empire. The symbol was tiger.
The Pandyan dynasty was an ancient Tamil dynasty of South India, one of the three Tamil dynasties, the other two being the Chola and the Chera. The kings of the three dynasties were referred to as the Three Crowned Kings of Tamilakam. The Early Pandyans ruled parts of Southern India .the symbol was fish
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❒The Cholas
➣The Chola kingdom called as Cholamandalam was situated to the North-East of Pandya kingdom between Pennar and Vellar rivers
➣The Chola kingdom corresponded to the modern Tanjore and Tiruchchirap-palli districts
➣Its inland capital was Uratywut a place famous for cotton trade. One of the main sources of wealth for Cholas was trade in cotton cloth.
➣Puhar identical with Kaveripattanam was the main port of Cholas and served as alternative capital of Cholas.
➣ The earliestknown Cholaking was Elarawhoconquered Sri Lanka and ruled over it for nearly 50 years.
➣Their greatest king was Karikala (man with charned leg)mwho founded Puhar (Kaveripattanam and constructedm160 km of embankment along the Kaveri river with the help of 12,000 Sri Lankan slaves.
➣They maintained an efficient navy.
➣The Cholas were wiped out in the attack of Pallavas from the North
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❒The Cheras
➣The Chera country occupied the portion of both kerala and Tamil Nadu
➣The capital of cheras was Vanjji.
➣Its main ports were Muzris and Tondi
➣The Roman's set up two regiments at Muzris (identical with Cranganore ) in Chera country .They also built temple of Augustus at Muzris
➣One of the earliest and better known among Chera rulers was Udiyangeral .It is said that he fed both the armies of kirukshetra war and so earned the title of Udiyangeral
➣The greatest of Chera King, however ,was Senguttuvan or red Chera .It is said that he invaded the north and even crossed the Ganges.
➣He was also the founder of famous Pattini cult related to worship of goddness of chastity
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❒The Pandyas
➣The Pandyas were first mentioned by Megasthanese who said their Kingdom was famous for pearls The Pandya territory included modern districts of Tirunelvelli, Ramand and Madurai in Tamil Nadu. It had its capital at Madurai, situated on the banks of Vaigai river.
➣The Pandya king profited from trade with Roman Empire and sentemissaries to Romanemperor Augustus and Trojan
➣The Pandyas find mention in the Ramayana and Mahabharata
➣The earliest known Pandyan ruler was Mudukudumi
➣The greatest Pandya king. Nendujedan accused Kovalan of theft As a result, the city of Madurai was laid under a curse by kannagi