Write structure of nerve cell
Answers
Answer:
The shape, size, and structure of nerve cells depend on their position and function in the body. Usually, the size of nerve cells varies depending on how long the electrical impulses are to be transmitted.
Explanation:
The nerve cell is a specialized individual cell that forms our nervous system. All the human body neurons have three parts, a cell body, an axon, and dendrites. The nerve cell parts consist of the following:
Cell Body:
The cell body in a nerve cell is its core. It is also called soma. The cell body consists of the nerve cell’s nucleus along with other specialized cell organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and other components. The cell body is an essential part of a neuron and carries genetic information. It also helps maintain the cell’s overall structure and provides energy to carry out the cell’s activities.
Axon:
An axon is a part of the nerve cell, which is a long tube-like structure that joins the cell body at a specific position. The axon is primarily involved in carrying the electrical signals from the cell body to the neuron ending and transmitting it to other surrounding neurons.
Dendrites:
They are the root-like projections on a cell body that facilitate transmission and receiving of messages to and back from other neurons. Dendrites process and send the electrical impulses received from the axon endings to the cell body.
Myelin Sheath:
It is the outermost layer of a nerve cell. Its primary function is to cover and protect the nerve fibres in the neurons.
Synapse:
It is known as the ending part of the nerve or nerve junction. Its primary function is to permit the entry of electrical impulses from one neuron to another.