Write the applications of computers in Production Planning and Control
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Over the last 40 years, the role of computers in the production planning process has changed dramatically. In the 1970's, a calculator was considered a high-priced luxury item, and business mainframe programs were stored on cards. Today, every production planner has a personal computer with more processing capability than the mainframes of the past. Advances in computer hardware and software have enabled production planning processes to operate more efficiently and effectively than ever before.
In the 1990's, ERP (enterprise resource planning) systems gained in popularity. ERP systems, such as SAP and Oracle, provided a "massive software achitecture" to support key business functions such as finance, accounting, materials management and production control.
ERP software, combined with increased hardware processing speeds have enabled companies to automate repetitive processes. Where 20 years ago employees had to manually calculate production requirements for each item to determine what to produce, computer software now nets forecast and orders against inventory and schedules to project future inventory balances.
Along with automating repetitive processes and calculations, computers generate recommended schedules and purchases to planners. The key output of an MRP system is a set of planned orders. Planned orders are calculated within the production and inventory parameters maintained by the planner and represent a view of what items and quantities need to be produced or purchased to fulfill demand.
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