Write the biological mechanism involved in breathing.
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Air enters the nose through the nostrils. When air passes through the nose, it is warmed, moistened and filtered. The hairs present in the nose filter out particles in the incoming air. The air is moistened by the mucus present in the nose, and it is warmed by the blood flowing through the capillaries in the nose.
The respiratory tract from the nose to the bronchioles is lined by mucous membranes and cilia. The mucus and cilia act as additional filters.
Behind the nose lies the pharynx (throat). There are two passages here—one for food and the other for air. The air passes from the pharynx to the larynx, or the voice box. The opening leading to the larynx is called glottis. It is protected by a lid called epiglottis, which prevents food from entering the passage to the lungs.
From the larynx the air goes to the trachea, or the windpipe. The trachea is about 11 cm long. It is guarded by 16-20 C-shaped cartilage rings, which prevent the trachea from collapsing. The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi. Each bronchus divides and branches out in the form of thinner tubes called bronchioles.
The bronchioles enter the lungs and divide further into finer branches called alveolar ducts. These open into extremely thin-walled, grape-shaped air sacs called alveoli. Each alveolus is covered by a web of blood capillaries.
The lungs are a pair of spongy organs lying in the chest cavity formed by the ribs. The actual exchange of gases between the air and the body takes place in the capillary-covered alveoli inside the lungs. Here, oxygen from the air in the alveoli goes into the blood, and the carbon dioxide in the blood goes out.
The oxygen binds to the haemoglobin molecules present in the red blood corpuscles and is taken to different parts of the body.
The respiratory tract from the nose to the bronchioles is lined by mucous membranes and cilia. The mucus and cilia act as additional filters.
Behind the nose lies the pharynx (throat). There are two passages here—one for food and the other for air. The air passes from the pharynx to the larynx, or the voice box. The opening leading to the larynx is called glottis. It is protected by a lid called epiglottis, which prevents food from entering the passage to the lungs.
From the larynx the air goes to the trachea, or the windpipe. The trachea is about 11 cm long. It is guarded by 16-20 C-shaped cartilage rings, which prevent the trachea from collapsing. The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi. Each bronchus divides and branches out in the form of thinner tubes called bronchioles.
The bronchioles enter the lungs and divide further into finer branches called alveolar ducts. These open into extremely thin-walled, grape-shaped air sacs called alveoli. Each alveolus is covered by a web of blood capillaries.
The lungs are a pair of spongy organs lying in the chest cavity formed by the ribs. The actual exchange of gases between the air and the body takes place in the capillary-covered alveoli inside the lungs. Here, oxygen from the air in the alveoli goes into the blood, and the carbon dioxide in the blood goes out.
The oxygen binds to the haemoglobin molecules present in the red blood corpuscles and is taken to different parts of the body.
geetika3:
plz mark it as the brainliest
umm... just a doubt. Why are you explaining the process of respiration when I asked for the biological mechanism???
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Both inhalation and exhalation depend on pressure gradients between the lungs and atmosphere, as well as the muscles in the thoracic cavity.
Source: Boundless. “The Mechanics of Human Breathing.” Boundless Biology Boundless, 08 Aug. 2016. Retrieved 25 Feb. 2017 from https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/the-respiratory-system-39/breathing-221/the-mechanics-of-human-breathing-838-12083/
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