write the causes responsible for folding and faulting of The crust
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folding and faulting of the Earth's crust occurs due to different stresses . stresses like compressional stress and tensional stress are responsible.
compressional stress : is the stress on the rocks which is same on the opposite side and is towards each other. when rock is under this stress they respond by folding when they are ductile (not brittle) . when they are brittle they respond by fracturing and gets rupture. therefore surface rocks like sandstone which are brittle they respond to stress by rupturing.
where as dense rocks like quartzite respond to stress by folding.
compressional stress also leads to type of fault know as reverse fault. it occurs when movement happens along a fracture and one side goes up and forms the hanging wall. the side which remains at its position is known as footwall. and the line of movement is the fault line. (as shown in the figure above.)
normal fault forms due to tensional stress which is the stress on the rocks similar on the opposite sides but in opposite direction also.
this leads to downthrow of the hanging wall . and the fault is called normal fault. refer to right figure above :)
compressional stress : is the stress on the rocks which is same on the opposite side and is towards each other. when rock is under this stress they respond by folding when they are ductile (not brittle) . when they are brittle they respond by fracturing and gets rupture. therefore surface rocks like sandstone which are brittle they respond to stress by rupturing.
where as dense rocks like quartzite respond to stress by folding.
compressional stress also leads to type of fault know as reverse fault. it occurs when movement happens along a fracture and one side goes up and forms the hanging wall. the side which remains at its position is known as footwall. and the line of movement is the fault line. (as shown in the figure above.)
normal fault forms due to tensional stress which is the stress on the rocks similar on the opposite sides but in opposite direction also.
this leads to downthrow of the hanging wall . and the fault is called normal fault. refer to right figure above :)
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