Write the characteristics features of kingdom mycota give any 3 example of economic importance
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Answer:
Kingdom Mycota consists of eukaryotic organisms. Fungi exist in two fundamental forms; multicellular, filamentous or hyphal form (molds) and unicellular or budding form (yeast). They lack chlorophyll (chloroplast) and can't prepare their own food, hence are called organotrophic heterotrophs.
Kingdom Mycota consists of eukaryotic organisms.
Fungi exist in two fundamental forms; multicellular, filamentous or hyphal form (molds) and unicellular or budding form (yeast).
They lack chlorophyll (chloroplast) and can’t prepare their own food, hence are called organotrophic heterotrophs.
Most of them are saprophytic and some are parasitic.
They grow best in acidic environment tolerating acidic pH.
They can also tolerate high sugar concentration and dry condition.
Molds are obligate aerobes and yeasts are facultative anaerobes.
Optimum temperature of growth for most saprophytic fungi is 20-300C while 30-370C for parasitic fungi.
Fungi grow slowly as compared to bacteria.
Cell wall is composed of chitin.
Cell membrane consists of ergosterol.
Both asexual and sexual mode of reproduction occur
Asexual methods: fragmentation, somatic budding, fission, asexual spore formation
Sexual methods: gametic copulation, gamete-gametangium copulation, gametangium copulation, somatic copulation and spermatization.
More than 2,00,000 species of fungi are known, of which more than 100 fungi are responsible for human infection.
Some fungi show mutualistic relationship with higher plants, eg. Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association with the roots of gymnosperms.