Question

write the characteristics of the plants belonging to division bryophyta

Answer 1

1) The division of Bryophyta contains over 25000 species.
2) Bryophytes including all plants such as Marchantia live in damp and shady habitats. They are also often found to grow during th rainy seasoforming green carpets or patches or mats on damp soil, rocks, walls, tree trunks, etc.
3) Accesory spores are not formed. Vegetative reproduction is quite common through the fragmentation process, tuber, gemmae cups, adventitious branches, etc.
4) Sex organs are multicellular and jacketed. There are two types including in it, male antheridium and female archegonium. Antheridium produces a small number of flagellate male gametes called as sperms or antherzoids. Archegonium is flask-shaped with tubular neck and a swollen venter. The single-layered wall of neck has 5-6 rows of cells. Internally it encloses a few sterile neck canals. The wall of venter is 1-2 layered. It encloses a venter cavity having a sterile venter canal cell and a fertile egg or oosphere.
5) The sterile internal cells of the archegonium (neck canal cells and the venter canal cells) degenerate and gelatinise. The gelatinous mass absorb some water cells and swells up into mucilage. The swelling mucilage opens up the lid of the neck and creates certain passages leading up to the oosphere. It possesses chemicals for attracting (chemotaxis) antherozoids. Usually, Sporophyte is a parasite on the gametophyte.
6) Sporophytes also show heteromorphic or heterologous alternation of generations (dissimilarities between the latter two)

Answer 2

Answer:

• These are called amphibians of the plant Kingdom.
• the plant body is commonly differentiated to form stem and leaf like structure.
• however, there is no specialised tissue for the conduction of water and other substances from one part of the plant body to another.
• examples are moss( funaria) and marchantia