write the chemical reactions involved in the process of glycolysis
Answers
Explanation:
Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that forms the base for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. In this method, glucose is converted into pyruvate. Pyruvate is a six-membered ring molecule and formed after the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugars. It is a multi-step process and occurs in the cytoplasm of animal and plant cells. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell. It produces ATP without the use of oxygen but can occur in the presence of oxygen also. It breaks down one molecule of glucose, (a 6-carbon molecule) into two molecules of pyruvate, (a 3-carbon molecule) in a controlled manner enzymatic reactions. After the breakdown, the glucose enhances the main fuel for the cell.
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Answer:
Hello!!
Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that forms the base for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. In this method, glucose is converted into pyruvate. Pyruvate is a six-membered ring molecule and formed after the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugars. It is a multi-step process and occurs in the cytoplasm of animal and plant cells. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell. It produces ATP without the use of oxygen but can occur in the presence of oxygen also. It breaks down one molecule of glucose, (a 6-carbon molecule) into two molecules of pyruvate, (a 3-carbon molecule) in a controlled manner enzymatic reactions. After the breakdown, glucose enhances the main fuel for the cell.
STEPS INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS OF GLYCOLYSIS:
1. The first step involved in the process of glycolysis is the conversion of D-glucose into glucose-6-phosphate. Hexokinase is the enzyme catalyst here.
2. The rearrangement of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) into fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) takes place in this second step.
3. Fructose 6-phosphate is converted into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate using magnesium as a cofactor.
4. The enzyme Aldolase breaks fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate into two sugars that are isomers of each other. These two sugars are dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP).
5The enzyme triphosphate isomerase rapidly interconverts the molecules dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP).
The above five steps are considered as a preparatory phase
6.Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) dehydrogenates and adds an inorganic phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, producing 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.
7. A phosphate group from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is transferred to ADP to form ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate.
8. P from 3- phosphoglycerate from the 3rd carbon to the 2nd carbon to form 2-phosphoglycerate is relocated in this step.
9. A molecule of water is removed from 2-phosphoglycerate to form phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) by an enzyme enclose.
10. A P from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP to form pyruvic acid and ATP.
The last five steps are known as pay off phase.
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