Question

write the Classification of polymers on the

basis of intermolecular force​

Answer 1

Answer:

] Classification Based on Molecular Forces. Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule. In Polymers, strong covalent bonds join atoms to each other in individual polymer molecules. Intermolecular forces (between the molecules) attract polymer molecules towards each other.

Explanation:

Answer 2

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Mechanical properties of polymers such as tensile strength, toughness, elasticity differ widely depending upon the intermolecular forces. Polymers are classified into various categories on the basis of intermolecular forces as follows.

a. Elastomers :

Elasticity is a property by which a substance gets stretched by external force and restores its original shape on release of that force. Elastomers, the elastic polymers, have weak van der Waals type of intermolecular forces which permit the polymer to be stretched. A few crosslinks between the chains help the stretched polymer to retract to its original position on removal of applied force. For example : vulcunized rubber, buna-S, buna-N, neoprene, etc.

b. Fibres :

Polymeric solids which form threads are called fibres. The fibres possess high tensile strength which is a property to have resistance to breaking under tension. This characteristic is due to the strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen bonding and strong dipole-dipole forces. Due to these strong intermolecular forces the fibres arecrystalline in nature. For example : polyamides (nylon 6, 6), polyesters (terylene), etc.

c. Thermoplastic polymers :

Plasticity is a property of being easily shaped or moulded. Thermoplastic polymers are capable of repeated softening on heating and hardening on cooling. These polymers possess moderately strong intermolecular forces that are intermediate between elastomers and fibres. For example : polythene, polystyrene, polyvinyls, etc. :

d. Thermosetting polymers :

Themosetting polymers are rigid polymers. During their formation they have property of being shaped on heating; but they get hardened while hot. Once hardened these become infusible; cannot be softened by heating and therefore cannot be remoulded. This characteristic is the result of extensive cross linking by covalent bonds formed in the moulds during hardening/setting process while hot. For example : bakelite, urea formaldehyde resin, etc.