Question

Write the common and maximum Oxidation state of lanthanides.

Answer 1

Hi mate.


Thanks for asking this question.



Here is your answer,





$lanthanides \: =$



We know that the members of the lanthanide series comes in the F-block elements. The F-block elements are also referred to as inner transition metals.



We know the some peoples can call these elements as lanthanide and some call them as lanthanoids. Let us clear your confusion.




# LANTHANOIDS :


The elements having atomic numbers from 57 to 71 these inner transition metals are referred as a lanthanoids.




# LANTHANIDES :


When we consider this group without considering the lanthanum (57), the other remaining elements are referred to as lanthanide.




SOME times they also known as RARE EARTH METALS.





#

$oxidation \: state \: of \: lanthanide \: \\ series \: =$


In the series of lanthanide all elements shows +3 oxidation state.


Exceptions :


The elements like Samarium, europium and ytterbium shows +2 oxidation state.



A few members in lanthanide series shows +4 oxidation state. The uneven distribution of oxidation state among the metals is attributed to the high stability of the empty, half-filled or fully filled f-shell. Their stability affects on oxidation number of elements.



# THE +4 OXIDATION state SHOWED BY THE OXIDES OF :

(1) Praseodymium,

(2) Neodymium,

(3) Terbium,

(4) Dysprosium.






Thank you.




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