Write the dates of financial year from start to end in our country India?
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India, before the British entered, the Mughals were ruling the land with a Mughal Emperor seated in Agra. Agra being closer to the gangetic plains was a hot region during the months starting April to June. The Mughals ethnicity being from Samarkand, Uzbek et al, they actually were from cooler lands as compared to Agra. Thus, the Mughal Emperor had a practice to move up North during the heat months. Eg Emperor Akbar used to rule from Lahore during the summer months. Before the Emperor moved, they would like to finish some Mughal Court paperwork etc. Then, Emperor Jahangir had a practice of moving himself to Srinagar during April to June(Shalimar Gardens and Nishad Gardens are example). The Emperor’s court came back to Agra only in July when the rains started falling on the sub-continent and heat subsided.
The British as cunning as they were, observed everything in India from far distance locations of Surat, Madras and Calcutta where they initially had trading rights and had their so-called factories. They came to know that as the sub-continent heated up, the rulers were moving to cooler place and were careless, left their capital city and leaving the population to fend for themselves.
After defeating the Marathas and bringing Delhi under their control, the British who themselves hailed from a cool West European island, started observing the same practice of Jahangir. i.e British rulers were very eager to move to Simla/Nainital et al in the heat months. Some important British India dignitaries would vanish to England/Wales/Scotland to their native for the months of April-July as those were the cooler months for the island nation.
However, the British were clever not to to leave the seat of power without a formal budget and finances allotted to respective departments that would then keep functioning under their Viceregal power. By late 1752 AD, British in India had started following the Gregorian calendar. Now they just had to shuffle themselves out by appropriating finances and budgets by using certain fixed dates. Eg March end was used to complete the finances of the past year (i.e when exactly the Indian sub-continent heating commences, remember the heat during Holi festival?).
Thus from Historical movement of our rulers during April-July came two practices in place:
1) 28th Feb was used as date for next year budget, And 1st April to 31st March as the defined financial year for India
2) Rulers of the land, whoever it maybe, started running away from the land mass when the country/sub-continent started heating up, cattle started dying for water, drought like situations emerged in the interior and the population was left at the mercy of the bureaucracy.
Reinventing the wheel was not possible for PM Nehru and team as they had much bigger tasks as hand. Thus, Independent India decided to retain the same financial year in place as that of British. The politicians decided the timing of budget on 28th Feb and ratifying the budget and appropriation of finances by 1st of 2nd week of May. By mid-May New Delhi starts heating upto 40 degree celcius, thus giving chance to most Ministers and MPs of Central Govt and State Governments to commence their foreign tours after budget session during the May-June/July to Western cooler nations; while the rest of the nation runs dry taps from May to June or early July. Most of the MPs, Ministers and several committee members go on European or Western nation tours go for studying garbage collection in cities, handling of sewage and drainage problems in domestic and industrial places, studying effective and efficient safe public transportation in developed nations etc.
68 years have passed and India grapples with all those problems which are studied on such tours by corporators, MLAs, MLCs, MP, Ministers etc. We are still working out how to clean Ganga, sewages and drainages in financial capital Mumbai are “as-is” and do not flow during rains and public transportation is in a mess in large metropolitan cities.
India, before the British entered, the Mughals were ruling the land with a Mughal Emperor seated in Agra. Agra being closer to the gangetic plains was a hot region during the months starting April to June. The Mughals ethnicity being from Samarkand, Uzbek et al, they actually were from cooler lands as compared to Agra. Thus, the Mughal Emperor had a practice to move up North during the heat months. Eg Emperor Akbar used to rule from Lahore during the summer months. Before the Emperor moved, they would like to finish some Mughal Court paperwork etc. Then, Emperor Jahangir had a practice of moving himself to Srinagar during April to June(Shalimar Gardens and Nishad Gardens are example). The Emperor’s court came back to Agra only in July when the rains started falling on the sub-continent and heat subsided.
The British as cunning as they were, observed everything in India from far distance locations of Surat, Madras and Calcutta where they initially had trading rights and had their so-called factories. They came to know that as the sub-continent heated up, the rulers were moving to cooler place and were careless, left their capital city and leaving the population to fend for themselves.
After defeating the Marathas and bringing Delhi under their control, the British who themselves hailed from a cool West European island, started observing the same practice of Jahangir. i.e British rulers were very eager to move to Simla/Nainital et al in the heat months. Some important British India dignitaries would vanish to England/Wales/Scotland to their native for the months of April-July as those were the cooler months for the island nation.
However, the British were clever not to to leave the seat of power without a formal budget and finances allotted to respective departments that would then keep functioning under their Viceregal power. By late 1752 AD, British in India had started following the Gregorian calendar. Now they just had to shuffle themselves out by appropriating finances and budgets by using certain fixed dates. Eg March end was used to complete the finances of the past year (i.e when exactly the Indian sub-continent heating commences, remember the heat during Holi festival?).
Thus from Historical movement of our rulers during April-July came two practices in place:
1) 28th Feb was used as date for next year budget, And 1st April to 31st March as the defined financial year for India
2) Rulers of the land, whoever it maybe, started running away from the land mass when the country/sub-continent started heating up, cattle started dying for water, drought like situations emerged in the interior and the population was left at the mercy of the bureaucracy.
Reinventing the wheel was not possible for PM Nehru and team as they had much bigger tasks as hand. Thus, Independent India decided to retain the same financial year in place as that of British. The politicians decided the timing of budget on 28th Feb and ratifying the budget and appropriation of finances by 1st of 2nd week of May. By mid-May New Delhi starts heating upto 40 degree celcius, thus giving chance to most Ministers and MPs of Central Govt and State Governments to commence their foreign tours after budget session during the May-June/July to Western cooler nations; while the rest of the nation runs dry taps from May to June or early July. Most of the MPs, Ministers and several committee members go on European or Western nation tours go for studying garbage collection in cities, handling of sewage and drainage problems in domestic and industrial places, studying effective and efficient safe public transportation in developed nations etc.
68 years have passed and India grapples with all those problems which are studied on such tours by corporators, MLAs, MLCs, MP, Ministers etc. We are still working out how to clean Ganga, sewages and drainages in financial capital Mumbai are “as-is” and do not flow during rains and public transportation is in a mess in large metropolitan cities.
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Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
FINANCIAL YEAR DATE -------
1-APRIL-2019 -. 31-MARCH-2020
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