Question

Write the differences between the autotrophs and heterotrophs in the given table:
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs​

Answer 1

AUTOTROPHS

ᴀɴ ᴀᴜᴛᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜ ɪs ᴀ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘ ᴏғ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ᴄᴀᴘᴀʙʟᴇ ᴏғ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴏᴡɴ ғᴏᴏᴅ ʙʏ ᴜᴛɪʟɪᴢɪɴɢ ᴠᴀʀɪᴏᴜs sᴜʙsᴛᴀɴᴄᴇs ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ, sᴜɴʟɪɢʜᴛ, ᴀɪʀ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴄʜᴇᴍɪᴄᴀʟs.

ᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴜᴛᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜ ɪs ᴍᴀᴅᴇ ᴜᴘ ᴏғ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴡᴏʀᴅs; ‘ᴀᴜᴛᴏ’ ᴍᴇᴀɴɪɴɢ sᴇʟғ ᴀɴᴅ ‘ᴛʀᴏᴘʜ’ ᴍᴇᴀɴɪɴɢ ғᴏᴏᴅ.

ᴏ ᴀᴜᴛᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜs ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴜs, ᴄᴀᴘᴀʙʟᴇ ᴏғ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴏᴡɴ ғᴏᴏᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜᴏᴜᴛ ᴀɴʏ ᴀssɪsᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀs.

ᴏ ᴀᴜᴛᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜs ᴀʀᴇ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ‘ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴇʀs’ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇʏ ғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀsᴇ ᴏғ ᴇᴄᴏʟᴏɢɪᴄᴀʟ ғᴏᴏᴅ ᴄʜᴀɪɴs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʀᴇ ʀᴇsᴘᴏɴsɪʙʟᴇ ғᴏʀ ᴀʟʟ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ғᴏᴏᴅ ғᴏʀ ᴀʟʟ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs.

ᴏ ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ᴀʀᴇ ᴇxᴛʀᴇᴍᴇʟʏ ɪᴍᴘᴏʀᴛᴀɴᴛ ᴀs ᴀʟʟ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ʟɪғᴇ ғᴏʀᴍs ᴅᴇᴘᴇɴᴅ ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛʟʏ ᴏʀ ɪɴᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛʟʏ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ғᴏʀ ғᴏᴏᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇɴᴇʀɢʏ.

HETEROTROPHS

ᴀ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜ ɪs ᴀ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘ ᴏғ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴏʙᴛᴀɪɴ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ғᴏᴏᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ ᴄᴀᴘᴀʙʟᴇ ᴏғ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴏᴡɴ ғᴏᴏᴅ.

ᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴇʀᴍ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜ ɪs ᴍᴀᴅᴇ ᴜᴘ ᴏғ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴡᴏʀᴅs; ‘ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏ’ ᴍᴇᴀɴɪɴɢ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀs ᴀɴᴅ ‘ᴛʀᴏᴘʜ’ ᴍᴇᴀɴɪɴɢ ғᴏᴏᴅ.

ᴏ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜs ᴀʀᴇ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴄᴏɴsᴜᴍᴇʀs ᴀs ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴄᴏɴsᴜᴍᴇ ғᴏᴏᴅ ᴘʀᴇᴘᴀʀᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴀᴜᴛᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜs. ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ғᴏʀᴍ ʜɪɢʜᴇʀ ᴛʀᴏᴘʜɪᴄ ʟᴇᴠᴇʟs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴏᴏᴅ ᴄʏᴄʟᴇ.

ᴏ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜs ᴀʀᴇ ғᴜʀᴛʜᴇʀ ᴅɪᴠɪᴅᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴛʏᴘᴇs ʙᴀsᴇᴅ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ sᴏᴜʀᴄᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴇɴᴇʀɢʏ. ᴘʜᴏᴛᴏʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜs ᴏʙᴛᴀɪɴ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴇɴᴇʀɢʏ ғʀᴏᴍ ʟɪɢʜᴛ ʙᴜᴛ ᴅᴇᴘᴇɴᴅ ᴏɴ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴇʀs ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴ sᴏᴜʀᴄᴇ

.

ᴏ ᴄʜᴇᴍᴏʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜs, ɪɴ ᴛᴜʀɴ, ᴏʙᴛᴀɪɴ ʙᴏᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴇɴᴇʀɢʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴇʀs.

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Answer 2

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Key Differences Between Heterotrophs and Autotrophs

Given below are the substantial difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs, on the basis of their mode of nutrition, their dependency, their process of obtaining food, etc.

• Animals like cow, dog, elephant, rhino, lion, etc. are said to be as heterotrophic, as these animals depends directly on indirectly on others for their food; whereas green plants, algae and few bacteria are said to be autotrophic as they are able to prepare their own food by the process of photosynthesis which needs sunlight, air, water, and sunlight.
• Heterotrophs are considered as consumers and are placed at a secondary or tertiary level in the food web, while autotrophs are primary producers.
• Heterotrophs do not contain chloroplast, chlorophyll and hence are unable to prepare their own food, also depend on other for obtaining energy. Autotrophs contain chloroplast, chlorophyll and hence are able to produce their own food and depends on sunlight, air, and water for the preparation of food.
• Heterotrophs are able to move from one place to another in search of food, autotrophs are not able to move.
• Heterotrophs obtain their energy directly or indirectly from other organisms, while autotrophs obtain energy from inorganic sources, where they convert light energy (sunlight) into chemical energy.
• Heterotrophs depend on autotrophs for their food, while autotrophs are not.

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