write the examples for newtons theory of laws of motion
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Answer and Explanation:
Newton's Laws of Motion are-
FIRST LAW OF MOTION - An object will continue to move in its state of rest or uniform motion in a fixed direction until and unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force. This law is also sometimes called the Law of Inertia as it describes the natural property of every object to resist any change in its state of motion or rest.
Examples of Newton's First Law of Motion-
a) When a bus starts to move, the passengers tend to fall backwards. It is because they were originally at rest and when the bus started moving, their feet which were in direct contact with the floor of the bus also started moving along with, but their upper body was not in contact with the bus directly so it tried to remain at rest due to inertia of rest when the bus started moving. This way the upper part of the passenger moved backwards and their feet forward, so they experienced a backward fall.
b) When a bus stops suddenly, the passengers tend to fall forward. This is because they were originally in motion with their feet and when the bus took a sudden stop, their feet instantly came to rest with the bus, but the upper part of their body due to inertia of motion tried to resist that sudden change. Thus, the movement of their feet backward and the upper part of their body forward caused them to experience a sudden fall in the forward direction.
c) When a bus takes a sharp turn towards left, the passengers tend to lean towards the right. This happens because the original position of the passengers was in the forward direction. But when the bus took a sharp left turn, the feet of the passengers instantly moved to the left with the bus but the upper part of their bodies tended to keep going in the forward direction due to inertia of direction and thus made the passengers feel as if they were leaning towards the right direction.
d) When a dusty mattress is beaten with a stick, all the dust particles separate. This happens because initially the dust particles were too at rest with the mat, but when it got beaten by the stick, it instantly moved forward due to that applied force leaving the dust particles behind at rest due to inertia of rest and thus made them get separated from the mattress.
SECOND LAW OF MOTION - The net force applied on an object is directly proportional to the change in momentum of the object due to that force in unit time. That is- F ∝ ΔP/Δt or F = kmΔv/Δt (if mass is considered constant) which is equal to F = k m a. (Δv/Δt = a)
Examples of Newton's Second Law of Motion-
a) When a cricketer takes his hand back while catching a ball, she experiences a lesser force by the ball. It is because by taking her hand back, the cricketer increases the time of the application of force to produce a fixed change in momentum in it and therefore decreases the amount of force as force is inversely proportional to time of application of force.
b) Long jump athletes are made to land either on soft mattresses or on sand - It is because when they'll land on sand or soft mattresses, they will take longer time to produce a common change in momentum which will further reduce the force applied by the sand or mattress on the athletes and would prevent them from injuries.
THIRD LAW OF MOTION- It states that forces always act in pairs. The action of one force should always be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the reaction force. It can be restated as every action has an equal and opposite reaction. If a person exerts a force F on an object, then the object will also exert a force -F on the person.
Examples of Newton's Third Law of motion-
a) When we get off from a boat, the boat moves backwards and we move forward- When we get off a boat, we push it in the backward direction with our legs with a force. The boat also exerts an equal force on us simultaneously in the forward direction which pushes us forward and we are able to successfully get off the boat.
b) In the propulsion of rockets and spaceships- When rockets or spaceships take off, they expel a large amount of gases in the opposite direction to that of their take-off. By doing this, the spaceships force those gases to exert an equal force in the upward direction to help them fly higher and higher.
c) Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum works on the principle of Newton's Third Law of Motion.
I hope you understand all this clearly.
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