Question

write the experiment procedure for the experiment hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc pieces and liberates H2
please write in the form of lab activity 1.aim. 2. materials required.3.procedure . 4.conclusion​

Answer 1

Answer:

GOOD EVENING MATE THE PROCEDURE FOR THE THE EXPERIMENT IS

EXPERIMENT PROCEDURE -

Aim:

To study the properties of acids (dilute HCl) and bases (dilute NaOH) by their reactions with the following:

Litmus solution (red/blue)

Zinc metal

Solid sodium carbonate

Materials required:

Test tube

Test tube stand

Cork

Test tube holder

Boiling tube

Droppers

Flat bottom flask

Burner

Match box

Beaker

Thistle funnel

Litmus paper/solution

Fresh lime water

Glass rod

Dilute HCl

Dilute NaOH

Zinc granules

Solid sodium carbonate

THEORY

Chemical species which donate proton or release H+ ions when dissolved in water are called acid. They turn blue litmus solution to red colour.

Hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc metal to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. The reaction is given below:

Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

Hydrochloric acid reacts with Na2CO3 to produce carbon dioxide and turns the lime water milky as it forms calcium carbonate. The milkiness formed is disappeared when more than necessary carbon dioxide is passed through the solution. The reaction is as follows:

Na2CO3(s/aq) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)

CaCO3(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) → Ca(HCO3)2(aq)

Experimental Setup for Litmus Test Procedure

• Take a test tube stand and place two test tubes in it.
• Label the test tube as test tube 1 and test tube 2.

• Add 5 ml of blue litmus solution to test tube 1.

• Add 5 ml of red litmus solution to test tube 2.

• Use a dropper and add equal drops of hydrochloric acid in the both test tubes.

• Wait and observe the colour change.

Experimental Setup for Reaction with Zinc metal:

• Take a clean and dry test tube.

• Add zinc granules in it.

• Submerge the zinc granules in the test tube by adding hydrochloric acid to it.

• Close the mouth of the test tube with cork which has a glass delivery.

• A robust explosion takes place between 2-3 minutes liberating colourless and odourless gas.

• When a burning match stick in got near the glass tube mouth the gas burns with a pale blue flame with a pop sound.

Observation:

Litmus test The blue litmus solution in test tube 1 turns red whereas there is no change in colour observed in the test tube 2 containing red litmus solution.

Reaction with Zinc metal Acids such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) liberate hydrogen gas when reacted with active metals such as zinc and burns with a pop sound when burning splinter is got near it.

Reaction with Na2CO3 Sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid react to produce carbon dioxide gas and turns lime water milky. When excess gas is passed the milkiness is disappeared.

Result and Conclusion

the litmus test experiment the blue litmus solution turns to red when hydrochloric is added. Therefore acids such as HCl show acidic character.

Hydrochloric acid reacts with active metals such as zinc to form zinc chloride and liberate hydrogen gas.

HCl reacts with sodium carbonate to liberate carbon dioxide gas.

Precautions to be taken during the experiment

Conduct the experiment in clean test tubes.

• HCl is corrosive in nature and should be handled with great care.

• Take small amount of chemicals to perform the experiments.

• While shaking the solution and reaction mixture do not spill.

• Whenever you conduct a test for hydrogen, conduct it with the least amount of gas.

• To get quick results for lime water test, pass carbon dioxide gas through the solution and shake the test tube by placing your thumb on its mouth.

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