Write the formation of petroleum
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PETROLEUM
★Petroleum is a fossils fuels which is formed from the fossils
★It is considerd as the next major energy source in india after coal
★it is used in abundant form like it provides fuel for heat and lighting
FORMATION OF PETROLEUM-
★ Most of the petroleum occurance in india are associated with anticlines and fault trapes in the rocks formation of the tertiary age .
★in region of folding , anticlines or domes it occures where oil is trapped in the crest of the upfold.
★the oil bearing layer is porus limestone or sandstone through which oil may flow
the oil is prevented from rising or shrinking by intervening non - porous layers
★it is found in india's region like - Mumbai high Digboi etc
Petroleum is formed by the remains of small animals and plants being compressed on the sea bed through several million years ago.
The process can be explained in successive order as following:
Decomposition: the small sea plants and animals sink and decompose on the sea bed after death.
Mixing with salt: After the decomposition, these sea plants and animals get mixed with tons of sand and silt.
Formation of hydrocarbons: The organic matter present in the flora-fauna of this decomposed mass releases hydrocarbons in the sea.
Due to limited supply of oxygen, there occurs only partial decomposition, producing a large mass which will then slowly becomes covered by multiple layers of sand, silt and mud, taking millions of years.
Finally, when the buried decomposed layer reaches around a depth of 10,000 feet the natural heat of the earth and the intense pressure combines to act upon the mass and, over time, petroleum is formed.
During petroleum formation, if the temperature is low then liquid petroleum is formed while in case of high temperatures, CNG is formed.