Write the four major functions of genes.
Answers
Answer:
All living beings have genes. They exist throughout the body. Genes are a set of instructions that determine what the organism is like, its appearance, how it survives, and how it behaves in its environment.
Genes are made of a substance called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. They give instructions for a living being to make molecules called proteins.
A geneticist is a person who studies genes and how they can be targeted to improve aspects of life. Genetic engineering can provide a range of benefits for people, for example, increasing the productivity of food plants or preventing diseases in humans.
Genes are a section of DNA that are in charge of different functions like making proteins. Long strands of DNA with lots of genes make up chromosomes. DNA molecules are found in chromosomes. Chromosomes are located inside of the nucleus of cells.
Each chromosome is one long single molecule of DNA. This DNA contains important genetic information.
Chromosomes have a unique structure, which helps to keep the DNA tightly wrapped around the proteins called histones. If the DNA molecules were not bound by the histones, they would be too long to fit inside of the cell.
Genes vary in complexity. In humans, they range in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases.
Different living things have different shapes and numbers of chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, or a total of 46. A donkey has 31 pairs of chromosomes, a hedgehog has 44, and a fruit fly has just 4.
DNA contains the biological instructions that make each species unique.
DNA is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction. The building blocks of DNA are called nucleotides. Nucleotides have three parts: A phosphate group, a sugar group and one of four types of nitrogen bases.
Explanation:
DNA and deoxyridonucleic acid