write the four properties of carbon responsible for the formation of large compounds
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Answer:
MULTIPLE PHYSICAL FORMS-
As an allotropic biochemical element, carbon exists in multiple physical forms, even though they are chemically similar. Carbon exists as graphite, diamond or carbon residue left behind when carbon-based compounds experienced heat and pressure. Graphite, which exists in a sheet-like structure, is soft and conducts electricity. By contrast, diamond is extremely hard, does not conduct electricity and is inert. Carbon residue includes coal, charcoal and other substances that humans use for energy.
CARBON ATOM STRUCTURE-
A stable carbon atom possesses six protons, six neutrons and six electrons, resulting in an atomic mass of 12.011 and sits in the sixth position on the Periodic Table of Elements. Four of its electrons are found in the outer shell of the atom, while the other two exist in the inner shell. Solid-state molecules consisting of only bonded carbon atoms form tetrahedral or hexagonal shapes, depending on the physical status of the substance.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES-
Carbon burns in oxygen to create carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Carbon can also form carbides when heated with oxides. For example, calcium oxide heated with carbon forms calcium carbide and carbon monoxide. In addition, carbon compounds such as carbon monoxide act as a reducing agent to metallic oxides. For example, applying extreme heat from a source such as a furnace to ferric oxide in a carbon monoxide environment reduces the ferric oxide to iron.
CARBON CHAIN-
Carbon can form chains of carbon in single, double and triple bonds with other carbon atoms. Called catenation, this process is the basis for the creation of organic compounds and the study of organic chemistry. Although other elements such as silicon or germanium are capable of limited catenation, carbon can also form chains of unlimited size. In addition, only carbon can catenate double and triple bonds whereas other elements can only form single bonds.
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1)Tetravalency
2)Catenation
3)varying bond order and hybridisation.
4) carbon has a rather average electronegativity