Question

write the function of the following in the human alimentary canal 1. saliva , 2. HCI in stomach , 3. Bile juice , 4. villi​

Answer 1

Saliva

The digestive functions of saliva include moistening food, and

helping to create a food bolus, so it can be swallowed easily. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase that breaks some starches down into maltose and dextrin. Thus, digestion of food occurs within the mouth, even before food reaches the stomach.

HCL in stomach

The hydrochloric acid present in the gastric acid helps in the proper digestion of foods. It denatures proteins with its low pH and converts pepsinogen (an enzyme precursor) into pepsin (an active enzyme).

Bile juice

Bile helps to emulsify fats (increasing surface area to help enzyme action), and thus aids in their absorption in the small intestine. It also makes the acidic food coming from the stomach alkaline, so as to enable the action of pancreatic enzymes.

VILLI

absorption

Functions of the Villi

We've already stated that the small intestine's main job is to absorb nutrients from the food you eat and that your villi help by increasing the surface area the intestine has for absorption.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

(a) Pepsin: Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme secreted in the stomach that is involved in the breakdown of proteins.

(b) HCl: HCl provides an acidic medium for food to be digested, it stops the activity of amylase and helps activate pepsinogen by converting it into its active form pepsin.

(c) Bile: Bile helps break down fats into fatty acids and also acts as a medium for excretion of bilirubin, a by-product of the breakdown of RBC's.

(d) Saliva: It has a lubricating effect and helps in swallowing and chewing food. Saliva also contains enzymes such as salivary amylase that helps break down starch into its simpler form.