Question

write the functions of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and Mitochondria :-



please yahi answer dena important hai paper me aayega :

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Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Golgi apparatus-The golgi apparatus is a membrane bound organelle found in most cells. It is responsible for packaging proteins into vesicles prior to secretion and therefore plays a key role in the secretory pathway

Endoplasmic reticulum-The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.

Mitochondria-Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Answer 2

$\star \: { \mathtt{ \purple{ \underline{ENDOPLASMIC \: \: RETICULUM : }}}} \: \star$

The Endoplasmic Reticulum [ ER ] is a network of membrane – bound tubes and sheets. It looks like long tubules or round or oblong bags (vesicles). The ER membrane is similar in structure to the plasma membrane.

There are two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum :-

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

RER → RER looks rough under a a microscope because it has particles called ribosomes attached to its surface. The ribosomes, which are present in all active cells, are the sites of protein manufacture. The manufactured proteins are then sent to various places in the cell depending on need using the ER.

SER → The SER helps in the manufacture of fat molecules or lipids important for cell function. Some of these proteins and lipids help in building the cell membrane. This process is known as membrane biogenesis.

★ Function of Endoplasmic Reticulum :-

• It is the only organelle which serves as a channel for the transport of materials between various regions of cytoplasm and between cytoplasm and nucleus.

• It also functions as a cytoplasmic framework to provide surface some of the biochemical activities. It forms endoskeleton of cell.

• It helps in synthesis of fats, proteins, steroids, cholesterol etc.

• SER plays a crucial role in detoxification of drugs and poisonous by products.

• Membrane biogenesis : Proteins & Lipids produced by ER are used to produced cell membrane.

${ \star \: { \mathtt{ \red{ \underline{GOLGI \: APPARATUS :}}}}} \: \star$

The Golgi apparatus, first discovered by Camillo Golgi, consists of a system of membrane – bound vesicles (flattened sacs) arranged approximately parallel to each other in stacks called Cisterns. These membranes often have connection with the membranes of ER and therefore constitutes another portion of a complex cellular membrane system.

★ Function of Golgi Apparatus :-

• Its function include the storage, modification, packaging and secretion of products in vesicles.

• It involved in the formation of lysosomes.

• It is secretary in nature.

• It helps in melanin synthesis

• It involved in the synthesis of cell wall and plasma membrane also.

$\star \: { \mathtt{ \blue{ \underline{MITOCHONDRIA :}}}} \: \star$

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell. Mitochondria have two membrane coverings. The outer membrane is porus while the inner membrane is deeply folded.

★ Functions of Mitochondria :-

• its main function is to produce store and release the energy in the form of ATP ( Adenosine Triphosphate ). The energy currency of the cell.

• It is the site for cellular respiration (Kred cycle) in which ATP are produced.

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