Write the Fundamental Duties which bound the Indians to protect the environment and national heritage.
Answers
Answer:
Write the Fundamental Duties which bound the Indians to protect the environment and national heritage.
Explanation:
New Delhi: The year 1976 is remembered as a landmark for the Indian Constitution, because of the sweeping 42nd amendment.
History often takes note of the introduction of the words secular and socialist to the Preamble, done by the Indira Gandhi government in the midst of the Emergency.
For environmentalists, it stands out for making environment part of the Constitution.
“The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country,” reads Article 48A, part of the Directive Principles of State. reads Article 51A (g), part of the Fundamental Duties.
These two are often read together with Article 21A, the judicially enforceable right to life, by courts.
Three widely different parts of the Constitution come together to not only safeguard the right to the environment but also the rights of the environment, environment lawyer Shibani Ghosh, a fellow with the Centre for Policy Research explained. It is the interpretation of this ‘duty’, that has allowed any citizen, whether they’re personally affected or not, to approach the National Green Tribunal, when they perceive a threat to the environment.
In one of the NGT’s first cases, recounted Ghosh, a group of citizens approached the court against a hydro-power project. However, they were not project affected people, as they didn’t live in the area that would be submerged. The question rose of who could be an aggrieved party. The NGT decided it could be anyone, as it was everyone’s duty.
When the Constitution was drafted, the concept of the environment, as right and as something citizens must take care of, was hardly present. The only laws in existence were British-era ones which sought to manage forests and wildlife.
(a) to abide by the constitution and respect its ideals and institution, the national flag and the national anthem .
(b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
(c) to uphold and protect the Sovereignty, unity and integrity of India
(d) to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
(e) to promote harmony and the spirit of common Brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
(f) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
(g) to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.
(h) to develop the scientific temper, humanism And The Spirit Of inquiry and reform.
(I) to safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
(j) to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activities so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.
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