write the importance of krishna river
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Krishna River is one of the important east flowing peninsular rivers. It is the fourth largest river of India after Ganga, Godavari and Brahmaputra. The river rises from the Western Ghats near Jor village of Satara district of Maharashtra at an altitude of 1337 m just north of Mahabaleshwar and after traversing a length of 1400 km empties into the Bay of Bengal at Hamasaladeevi (near Koduru) in Andhra Pradesh. Krishna Basin occupies an area of 2,58,948 sqkm which is nearly 8% of the total geographical area of the country. Largest part of the basin, nearly 44% lies in Karnataka. 26% of the basin falls in Maharashtra, about 15% in Telangana and another 15% in Andhra Pradesh.
The basin is roughly triangular in shape and is bounded by Balaghat range on the North, by the Eastern Ghats on East & the South and by the Western Ghats on the west. Clusters of hills running to the East of Sahyadris range of Western Ghats mark the South Western Boundary of The basin. Boundary between the Krishna & Cauvery Basins is marked by Devarayana Durga Forest- a small patch of 42.27km situated along the hill chains running across Eastern part of Tumkur District of Karnataka.[1] The interior of the basin is a plateau generally sloping eastwards.
Basin receives 85% of its annual rainfall during south-west monsoon. The rainfall, unevenly distributed varies temporally and spatially across the basin. Upper reaches of Krishna Basin lie in the 25 Km wide crest zone of Western Ghats which is the belt of heaviest rainfall region. Annual rainfall varies from 1000 to 3000 mm in this reach. River further enters in the region falling in the rain shadow area of the Western Ghat which receives less than 600 mm annual rainfall. Rainfall gradually increases to about 900 mm towards the East coast. The average annual rainfall in the basin is 1096.92 mm.
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