write the key features of Indian constitution in detail
Answers
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Explanation:
1. World's Longest Constitution
The Indian Constitution contains 395 articles and 12 schedules, making it the world's longest written constitution. Just compare it with other countries Constitutions. For example, the UK has no written constitution, while the US Constitution contains only seven articles.
Not only this but since 1951 about 90 articles and more than 100 amendments have been added. However, since the articles are not added separately as part of an existing article (e.g. Article 21A, 35A etc.) the total number of articles remains the same at 395.
3. Federal System with Unitary Features
Federal System with Unitar The Indian Constitution includes all the federal characteristics of governance such as dual government system (center and state),division of powers between the three state organs (executive, judiciary and legislature), constitutional supremacy, independent judiciary and bicameralism (lower and upper house).
Parliamentary Form of Government
On the pattern of the British parliamentary system of government, the Indian Constitution has opted for the parliamentary form of government. The key characteristics of the parliamentary form of government are:
1. Executive are members of the legislature
2. Collective responsibility to the legislature of the Council of Ministers
3. Rule of the majority party
4. Prime Minister's or chief minister's leadership in the state
5. Lower house dissolution (Lok Sabha and state assemblies)
6. Government form of the Cabinet
7. Directive Principles of State Policy
In Part IV of the Constitution, the Directive Principles of State Policies (DPSPs) aims to make India a welfare state. Therefore, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar calls the Directive Principles as the Indian Constitution's novel feature. The Principles of the Directive are inherently unjustifiable, that is, they are not enforceable for their violation by the courts.
Their usefulness, however, lies in their moral obligation to apply these principles to the state in making laws. As such, the principles of the directive are fundamental to the country's governance.