Write the legacy of the Bolshevik Revolution for Russia and for the rest of the world?
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More than 2000 years of philosophy, history, religion, and culture founded on the idea of innate inequality among human beings were firmly called into question during the Russian Revolution, also known as the October 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. Russian communism launched a movement that sought to overthrow all social and political structures predicated on the supposed right of the privileged to rule over others. This movement was inspired by and guided by the ideas of Marx and Engels.
- Lenin's and Stalin's revolutions turned Russia from a mostly bureaucratic empire of peasants into an industrial behemoth and served as the focal point of a global campaign against colonialism and unrestrained capitalism.
- It's certain that it led to major social upheaval and associated hardship for certain sections of society, but this was history's first attempt to break free from the constraints of class society and the many social hierarchies it upheld.
- It is well known that conservative and other governments in Western Europe initiated welfare programs to prevent their employees from choosing revolution.
- The main claim made in Marx's works is that socialism would eventually replace capitalism through a general uprising caused by the unresolvable tensions that are growing in advanced industrial nations like Great Britain and Germany as capitalism.
- Lenin took his cue from that tradition but modified Marx's theory of revolution to fit the needs of Czarist Russia.
- He and Engels theorized in the Communist Manifesto (1848) that the mass of workers and failed middle class would become a large army of impoverished and unemployed who would rise up to oust a tiny capitalist class's monopolistic behaviour.
- Marx did, however, make a modest point about whether or not there may be a democratic route to socialism.
- In order to create a welfare state, the German Marxist Eduard Bernstein and his adherents put their faith in this democratic and parliamentary route.
- The latter type of socialist movement first appeared in Scandinavia, particularly in Sweden, where it gave rise to social-democratic welfare states that combined substantive equality with substantive freedom.
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