Question

Write the Loss of Biodiversity:

Answer 1

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Loss of biodiversity leads to the overall imbalance in the ecosystem. The chief serious aspect of loss of biodiversity is extinction of species. There are three types of extinction viz, natural extinction, mass extinction and man-made (anthropogenic) extinction.

Damage to biodiversity takes place due to both, natural and manmade reasons. Natural reasons include forest fires, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions etc. Manmade reasons are habitat destruction, hunting, settlement, overexploitation and reclamation.

We are aware of five mass extinctions during various stages of history of earth (e.g. ice age). The current loss of biodiversity is considered to be the Sixth extinction which is progressing at an alarming rate which is estimated to be 100 to 1000 times faster than prehuman times. Ecologists blame this to the human intervention in natural habitats.

They do not forget to warn that if the current trend continues, we might lose about 50% of diversity. Loss of biodiversity in any area can lead to the decline in plant production, lower resilience to environmental disturbance like flood. It may also lead to alteration in environmental processes like disease cycles, plant productivity etc