Question

write the Mechanism of enzyme catalysis​

Answer 1

Answer:

The mechanism of enzymatic action. An enzyme attracts substrates to its active site, catalyzes the chemical reaction by which products are formed, and then allows the products to dissociate (separate from the enzyme surface). The combination formed by an enzyme and its substrates is called the enzyme–substrate complex.

Answer 2

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Action of an enzyme on a substrate is described as lock-and-key mechanismAccordingly, the enzyme has active site on its surface. A substrate molecule can attach to this active site only if it has the right size and shape. Once in the active site, the substrate is held in the correct orientation to react and forms the products of reaction.The products leave the active site and the enzyme is then ready to act as catalyst again. Formation of enzyme-substrate complex has very low activation energy. That is how the rate of the reaction is very high. Some enzymes are so efficient that one enzyme molecule can catalyse the reaction of 10000 substrate molecules in one second.

Several enzymes have been isolated from organisms (such as bacteria), purified and crystallised,and amino acid sequences of many of them have been determined. In many industrial processes specific reactions are carried out by use of enzymes extracted from organisms, and also by use of new enzymesmade using genetic engineering.

Some examples of industrial application of enzyme catalysis are :

• Conversion of glucose to sweet-tasting fructose, using glucose isomerase.

• Manufacture of new antibiotics, using pencillin G acylase.

• Manufacture of laundry detergents, using proteases.

• Manufacture of esters used in cosmetics, using genetically engineered enzyme.