Question

Write the mechanism of Esterification ?
write reactivity of alcohol and carboxylic acid towards estariffication in increasing order .

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Answer 1

Mechanism of esterification are as follows:-

• A proton from protonic acid attack the carbonyl oxygen of carboxylic acid.
• Attack of alcohol in activated carbon.
• Shift of proton in tetrahedral intermediate to form +OH2
• Intermediate formed is step 3 losses a water molecule to form protonated ester.
• Protonated star loses a proton to form an ester.

• Reactivity of alcohol towards esterification in increasing order as follows

3° Alcohol <2° Alcohol <1° Alcohol <CH3OH

• Reactivity of carboxylic acid towards is estariffication in increasing order are as follows

R3CCOOH<R2CHCOOH<RCH2COOH<CH3COOH<HCOOH

Answer 2

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The mechanism of esterification: The carbonyl oxygen of the carboxylic acid is protonated. This increases the positive character of carbonyl carbon. The nucleophile (alcohol) attacks the carbonyl carbon.