Question

write the mechanism of nucleophilic substitution when para nitro chloro benzene is treated with caustic soda​

Answer 1

The mechanism of nucleophilic substitution when p-Nitro Chlorobenzene is treated with caustic soda: Electron withdrawing group activates the Benzene to nucleophilic attack. NaOH will react with chlorobenzene, but solely underneath extreme conditions. Aryl halides cannot endure an electron withdrawing groups ortho and para to the leaving group activate the ring to nucleophilic attack. The presence of additional electron withdrawing group increases the rate of the reaction.