write the merits and demerits of the presidential form of government
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President System
A presidential system is a democratic and republican system of government where a head of government leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch. This head of government is in most cases also the head of state, which is called president.
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Answer:
The pros and cons of the presidential form of government are determined from three main factors. First, the powers and authority that will go with the position, secondly, how the presidential candidates chosen, and thirdly, how they are elected or appointed to the position.
With regard to the position itself there are basically three options as to how it will function. First, it can be a purely ceremonial position without any political power or authority. In that case, virtually anyone could be selected and appointed simply by popular acclaim without the need of an expensive election process.
The second option is to allow the President to have virtually total overriding executive authority over the nation’s Government, which in effect, would amount to a personal dictatorship.
The third option is to create a constitutionally controlled presidential position that combines the ceremonial functions of the office and certain defined and limited executive authority that can only be used under specific conditions. For example, if the nation were to come under direct attack by a foreign military force the President would make an immediate declaration of war and mobilise the armed forces. Only under specifically defined national emergency circumstances should any individual be allowed to deploy a nation’s armed forces.
A primary responsibility of a good presidential system is to have the President give authorisation to any legislation that comes out of Congress/Parliament but only after it has been vetted by an independent panel of eminent people to confirm the legislation conforms to the Constitution.
No President should have veto authority over and Congress/Parliamentary action but should be able to delay or suspend an action pending a public disclosure of any concerns and the recommendation for their review.
A good presidential system should be apolitical and not involved in the day to day political arena. The nation’s Congress/Parliament should be the only other entity with executive authority and that would include the appointment of senior bureaucratic and judicial positions on the recommendation of properly created bipartisan committees from the House.