Write the modified form of ideal gas equation applicable to all gases and explain each terms.
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Answer:
This yields a critical compressibility factor of 3/8. Reasons for modification of ideal gas equation: The equation state for ideal gas is PV=RT.
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Van der Waals equation:
- A thermodynamic equation of state known as the van der Waals equation is based on the idea that fluids are made up of particles with non-zero volumes that are attracted to one another.
- The modified version of the ideal gas law is the van der Waals equation of state for actual gases.
- The ideal gas law states that PV = nRT, where n is the number of moles, P is the pressure, V is the volume, T is the temperature, and R is the constant of all gases.
- The attraction and repellent forces between molecules are taken into account by the Van der Waals equation along with their size.
- In the Van der Waals equation, the ideal gas pressure and ideal gas volume are written in terms of the measured values of volume and pressure, by adjusting it with correction factors.
Van der Waals equation is given by:
Here each term is defined as follows:
- P is the measured pressure,
- (an²/V²) is the correction factor to account for the intermolecular attractions,
- Vi is the measured volume,
- nb is the correction factor to account for the finite size of molecules.
- a and b are called the Van der Waals constants.
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