Write the name of components of excretory system in human beings. describe the formation and excretion of urine in human beings
Answers
The excretory system is the system of an organism's body that performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes.
The Excretory system is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by homeostasis.
There are several parts of the body that are involved in this process, such as sweat glands, the liver, the lungs and the kidney system.
Every human has two kidneys.
Each kidney is made up of three sections: the renal cortex, the renal medulla and the renal pelvis.
The blood arrives at the kidney via the renal artery, which splits into many afferent arterioles.
These arterioles go to the Bowman's Capsules of nephrons, where the wastes are taken out of the blood by pressure filtration.
Peritubular capillaries also surround the nephron so substances can be taken in and out of the blood.
The renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney and the medulla is the inner layer of the kidney.
The renal pelvis takes urine away from the kidney via the ureter.
Both of the ureters lead the urine into the body's only urinary bladder, which expands and sends nerve impulses when full.
From there, urine is expelled through the urethra and out of the body.
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EXCRETORY SYSTEM
The biological process of removal of harmful nitrogenous metabolic waste from the body is called excretion.
Excretory system consist of
A pair of kidney:-
It is located in abdomen. There are two kidney present one on either side of backbone. They are Bean shaped in notch on the inner concave side of hilum. The function is to remove the poisonous substance urea other waste salt and excess water from the blood and excrete them in the form of urine.
A pair of ureters:-
Slender tubes arising from hilum of kidney. It opens into urinary bladder.
Urinary bladder:-
it is pear shaped muscular reservoir of urine. It opens into urethra.
Urethra:-
It opens to outside through ureteral aperture. It is longer in males than in females.
HOW IS URINE FORMED??
Urine is produced in kidney. The main purpose of kidney is to remove waste like urea uric acid etc from blood. Basic filtration unit is nephron. Each kidney has many nephron back together.
WORKING OF EXCRETORY SYSTEM
The dirty blood containing waste like urea brought by renal artery enters the glomerulus. The glomerulus filters this blood. During filtration the substance like glucose amino acid dissolved and urea is etc present in blood pass into bowman's capsule and then enter the tubule of nephron. When the filtrate containing useful substance like glucose amino acid most salt and most water etc are reabsorbed into blood through blood capillaries surrounding the tubule. Only the liquid left behind the tubule of nephron is urine. The nephron carries this urine into the collecting duct of kidney from where it is carried to ureter. From ureter urine passes into urinary bladder. Urine is stored in bladder for sometime and ultimately passed out of the body through urethra urethra.
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