write the name of different types of microorganism and the disease caused by them and also write about their commercial use
Answers
It is important to remember that:
A pathogen is a micro-organism that has the potential to cause disease.
An infection is the invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microbes in an individual or population.
Disease is when the infection causes damage to the individual’s vital functions or systems.
An infection does not always result in disease!
To cause an infection, microbes must enter our bodies. The site at which they enter is known as the portal of entry.
Microbes can enter the body through the four sites listed below:
Respiratory tract (mouth and nose) e.g. influenza virus which causes the flu
Gastrointestinal tract (mouth oral cavity) e.g. Vibrio cholerae which causes cholera
Urogenital tract e.g. Escherichia coli which causes cystitis
Breaks in the skin surface e.g. Clostridium tetani which causes tetanus
To make us ill microbes have to:
reach their target site in the body
attach to the target site they are trying to infect so that they are not dislodged
multiply rapidly
obtain their nutrients from the host
avoid and survive attack by the host’s immune system
- fungi - disease caused - skin related problem
- bacteria - disease caused - pneumonia, tetanus
- algae - disease caused - algae bloom
- protozoa - disease caused -sleeping sickness, malaria
- virus - disease caused - aids, HIV