Question

Write the name of the European countries and the name of their colonies in 18th to 20th century?

Answer 1

Colonialism is the policy of a polity seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of developing or exploiting them to the benefit of the colonizing country and of helping the colonies modernize in terms defined by the colonizers, especially in economics, religion and health.

The European colonial period was the era from the 15th century to 1914 when countries such as Spain, Portugal, Britain, Russia, Sweden, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy and Belgium established colonies outside Europe.[1] Philip T. Hoffman calculated that by 1914, Europeans had gained control of 84% of the globe, and by 1800, before the Industrial Revolution had taken hold, they already controlled at least 35% (excluding Antarctica).[2] The archetypal European colonial system practically ended between 1945–1975, when nearly all Europe's colonies gained political independence. At first, European colonizing countries followed policies of mercantilism, designed[by whom?] to strengthen the home economy at the expense of rivals, so regulations usually restricted the colonies to trading only with the mother country. By the mid-19th century, however, the powerful British Empire gave up mercantilism and trade restrictions and adopted the principle of free trade, with few restrictions or tariffs. Christian missionaries were active in practically all of Europe's colonies. The 15th century also saw the emergence of the West Asian Ottoman Empire which would go on to be the last colonizer of Europe. Asian colonization of Europe came to an end with Istanbul's loss of most of European Turkey in 1913. By the late-19th century Japan had become an active colonizer. Some Russian and Spanish colonies came United States control in the same period
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