write the powers and functions of president
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President has executive powers in electing the P.M , cabinet ministers etc. president has judicial powers by changing the punishment given to any person. president has special powers in declaring emergencies.
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The powers and functions of the President of India may be studied under the following heads;
Executive power,
Military and diplomatic power
Legislative powers
Financial powers,
Judicial powers, and
Emergency powers
1. Executive Power:
i) The constitution says that the “Executive Power of the Union shall be vested in the President and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with this constitution. There is a Council of Ministers to aid and advice the President according to the Article 74 of the constitution. The Prime Minister is the head of the council. The President appoints the Prime Minister and other Ministers are appointed by him on the advice of the Prime Minister. The choice of the Prime Minister is not the personal choice of the President. The leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha is appointed the Prime Minister by the President. He makes rules for the convenient transaction of business of the Government of India and. allocates business among Ministers.
ii) Although the President is not the real head of the administration, all officers of the Union are his subordinates and he has the right to be informed of the affairs of the union.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
iii) The administrative power includes the power to appoint and remove the high dignitaries of the State. Under the constitution the President has the power to appoint, besides the Prime Minister and other Ministers of the Union the Attorney General of India, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the judges of the Supreme Court, the judges of the High Courts of the states, the Governor of a state, a commission to investigate interference with water supplies, the Finance Commission, the Union Public Service Commission, and Joint Commission for a group of states, the Chief Election Commissioner and other members of the Election Commission, a Special Officer for scheduled castes and tribes, commission to report on the administration of scheduled areas, a commission to investigate into the condition of backward classes, a commission on official language, special officer for linguistic minorities.
iv) In making some appointments the President is required by the constitution to consult persons other than his ministers as well, for example, in appointing the judges of the Supreme Court he has to consult the Chief Justice of India arid other judges of the Supreme Court and of the High Court’s as he may I deem necessary.
v) The President has the power to remove his ministers individually, the Attorney-General of India, the Governor of a state, the Chairman or a member of the Public Service Commission of the Union or of a state on the report of the Supreme Court, a judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court or the Election Commissioner on an address of Parliament.
vi) The Indian President does not have any administrative control or supervision over the departments of the Government. The various departments of the government of the Union are carried on under the control and supervision of the respective minister in charge, but the President remains the formal head of the administration, and as such all executive actions of the Union Government are taken in the name of the President. All contracts and assurances of property made on behalf of the government I of India must be expressed to be made by the President and I executed in such manner as the President may direct or authorize.
2. Military and Diplomatic Powers:
i) The constitution vests the supreme command of the Defense Forces in the. President, but he is required to exercise that power in accordance with law Parliament has exclusive Legislative Power relating to defense forces. It means that though the President may have the power to take action as to declaration of war or peace or the employment of the defense forces. It is Parliament that is to regulate or control the exe
Executive power,
Military and diplomatic power
Legislative powers
Financial powers,
Judicial powers, and
Emergency powers
1. Executive Power:
i) The constitution says that the “Executive Power of the Union shall be vested in the President and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with this constitution. There is a Council of Ministers to aid and advice the President according to the Article 74 of the constitution. The Prime Minister is the head of the council. The President appoints the Prime Minister and other Ministers are appointed by him on the advice of the Prime Minister. The choice of the Prime Minister is not the personal choice of the President. The leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha is appointed the Prime Minister by the President. He makes rules for the convenient transaction of business of the Government of India and. allocates business among Ministers.
ii) Although the President is not the real head of the administration, all officers of the Union are his subordinates and he has the right to be informed of the affairs of the union.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
iii) The administrative power includes the power to appoint and remove the high dignitaries of the State. Under the constitution the President has the power to appoint, besides the Prime Minister and other Ministers of the Union the Attorney General of India, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the judges of the Supreme Court, the judges of the High Courts of the states, the Governor of a state, a commission to investigate interference with water supplies, the Finance Commission, the Union Public Service Commission, and Joint Commission for a group of states, the Chief Election Commissioner and other members of the Election Commission, a Special Officer for scheduled castes and tribes, commission to report on the administration of scheduled areas, a commission to investigate into the condition of backward classes, a commission on official language, special officer for linguistic minorities.
iv) In making some appointments the President is required by the constitution to consult persons other than his ministers as well, for example, in appointing the judges of the Supreme Court he has to consult the Chief Justice of India arid other judges of the Supreme Court and of the High Court’s as he may I deem necessary.
v) The President has the power to remove his ministers individually, the Attorney-General of India, the Governor of a state, the Chairman or a member of the Public Service Commission of the Union or of a state on the report of the Supreme Court, a judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court or the Election Commissioner on an address of Parliament.
vi) The Indian President does not have any administrative control or supervision over the departments of the Government. The various departments of the government of the Union are carried on under the control and supervision of the respective minister in charge, but the President remains the formal head of the administration, and as such all executive actions of the Union Government are taken in the name of the President. All contracts and assurances of property made on behalf of the government I of India must be expressed to be made by the President and I executed in such manner as the President may direct or authorize.
2. Military and Diplomatic Powers:
i) The constitution vests the supreme command of the Defense Forces in the. President, but he is required to exercise that power in accordance with law Parliament has exclusive Legislative Power relating to defense forces. It means that though the President may have the power to take action as to declaration of war or peace or the employment of the defense forces. It is Parliament that is to regulate or control the exe
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