Question

write the preparation and uses of the following salts and write the equations for the salts and its preparation :

1) Washing Soda
2) Baking Soda
3) Bleaching powder
4) Sodium Hydroxide

Answer 1

Answer:Washing soda is a whitish, odourless powder. Its chemical formula is Na2CO3 and is better known as sodium carbonate

NaCl + NH3 + CO2 + H2O → NaHCO3 + NH4Cl

2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

Na2CO3 + 10H2O → Na2CO3.10H2O

Baking soda is a white crystalline compound with a slightly salty taste. Its chemical formula is NaHCO3 and is generally known as sodium bicarbonate.

NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3 → NH4Cl + NaHCO3

Chemical formula of Bleaching Powder is CaOCl2 and its Chemical name is Calcium Oxychloride.

It is Prepared by Chlorine gas over dry slaked lime. Generally this method is used in large scale preparation of bleaching powder.

Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O

Uses: Sodium hydroxide is one of the most widely used bases in industry. Its main uses are in the paper industry, petroleum industry, textiles industry, in the manufacture of soaps and detergents

2 NaCl + 2 H2O → 2 NaOH + Cl2 + H2

Explanation:hope it helps you

Answer 2

Answer:

1) Washing Soda

Formula     : Na2CO3.10H2O

Preparation: Sodium carbonate can be obtained by heating baking soda ; recrystallisation of sodium carbonate gives washing soda.

Equation   : Na2CO3 + 10H2O → Na2CO3.10H2O

Uses          :

a. Washing soda is used for removing burnt-on grease from kitchen utensils.

b. It is prominently used in soap, glass and paper industries.

c. It also helps in the removal of permanent hardness of the water.

2) Baking soda

Formula     : NaHCO3

Preparation : Baking soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. The carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. Finally, sodium bicarbonate is produced as one of the end products.

Equations   : NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3  → NH4Cl + NaHCO3

Uses            :

a. It is used in making soft and fluffy bread and cakes due to the production of carbon dioxide when it is heated or mixed in water.

b. It is used for making soda-acid fire extinguisher.

c. It is used as an ingredient in the manufacturing of antacids.

3) Bleaching powder

Formula      : CaOCl2

Preparation : It is prepared by passing chlorine gas over salked lime.

Equation      : Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O

Uses:

a. As an oxidising agent in many chemical industries.

b. To make drinking water free from germs.

4) Sodium hydroxide

Formula       : NaOH

Preparation : When electricty is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, it decomposes to form sodium hydroxide.

Equation      : 2NaCl + 2H2O → 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2

Uses:

a. It is major ingredient in drain and oven cleaners.

b. It is used in chemical manufacturing, oil refining, hydraulic fracturing, water treatment and metal processing.

c. It is used in the manufacture of fabric, plastic wrap, paper and soap