write the principal uses of chromatography
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The principle of chromatography is a partition of solutes between a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Many types of chromatography do exist, the mobile phase can be a liquid (polar or non polar) or a gas. For the solid phase there are numerous choices:
paper, silica gel, ion exchangers (strong or weak, anionic, cationic) reverse phase (C18, C8, CN, phenil etc.) HILIC etc etc.
Basically, you have usually a liquid phase containing a mixture of solutes. If you picked the conditions right, there will be some solutes migrating nearly at the same speed as the mobile phase, so poorly retained, so other solutes, more retained and some others may be much retained. So you obtain a separation be tween constituent of the mixture. You can then quantitate the products or purify some products.
A lot of pharmaceutical compounds are prepared that way, needing a preparative instrument to purify and then an analytical one to assess the purity.
The list of applications is immense covering all industrial aspects. Petroleum industry to verify the purity and also prepare some new pure compounds, also verifying the molecular weight distribution of various polymers leading to the intense development we acquired of many various plastics tailored toward their usage. Food industry quantifying the additives, (vitamins, lipids, sugars, swete ners, antioxydants, Omega3 etc) as well as the absence of contaminants (pesticides, enterotoxins, antibiotics, PCBs), . Thousands of different of compounds can be analysed.
Chromatography is a market of many billions a year.
source:quora
paper, silica gel, ion exchangers (strong or weak, anionic, cationic) reverse phase (C18, C8, CN, phenil etc.) HILIC etc etc.
Basically, you have usually a liquid phase containing a mixture of solutes. If you picked the conditions right, there will be some solutes migrating nearly at the same speed as the mobile phase, so poorly retained, so other solutes, more retained and some others may be much retained. So you obtain a separation be tween constituent of the mixture. You can then quantitate the products or purify some products.
A lot of pharmaceutical compounds are prepared that way, needing a preparative instrument to purify and then an analytical one to assess the purity.
The list of applications is immense covering all industrial aspects. Petroleum industry to verify the purity and also prepare some new pure compounds, also verifying the molecular weight distribution of various polymers leading to the intense development we acquired of many various plastics tailored toward their usage. Food industry quantifying the additives, (vitamins, lipids, sugars, swete ners, antioxydants, Omega3 etc) as well as the absence of contaminants (pesticides, enterotoxins, antibiotics, PCBs), . Thousands of different of compounds can be analysed.
Chromatography is a market of many billions a year.
source:quora
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