write the procedure and the precautions to be taken in an experiment to verify that focal length of lens depends on the surrounding medium
Answers
Answer:
Concave Lens - Focal Length
Theory
Lens in Contact Method
Materials required:
Illuminated wire gauze
Lens stand
Screen
Metre scale
A convex lens of short focal length
Concave lens
Real Lab Procedure:
Keep the given convex lens of known focal length, f1, in contact with the concave lens whose focal length to be determined. This forms the combination of lenses.
It is placed between the illuminated wire gauze and the screen at a fixed distance away from the wire gauze. It is taken as u cm.
The position of the screen is adjusted to get a clear image of the wire gauze on the screen.
Measure the distance between the combination of lenses and the screen. It is taken as v cm.
Calculate the focal length of the combination using the formula:
Repeat the experiment by placing the combination of lenses at different distances away from the wire gauze.
Then calculate the mean value of F.
Using the values of f1 and F, the focal length of the given concave lens can be calculated using the formula:
Explanation:
Calculations:
Focal length of the combination lens, Mean F = …………cm
Focal length of convex lens, f1 = ……………cm
Therefore, the focal length of the given concave lens,
Results:
Focal length of the given concave lens by lens in contact method = …………cm
Lens Out of Contact Method
Materials required:
Illuminated wire gauze
Two stands
Screen
Metre scale
A convex lens of short focal length
Concave lens
Real Lab Procedure:
The given convex lens is mounted on a stand.
It is placed between the illuminated wire gauze and the screen at a fixed distance away from the wire gauze.
The position of the screen is adjusted to get a clear image of the wire gauze on the screen at I1.
Now, the given concave lens (L) is mounted between the screen and the convex lens without any rearrangement.
The distance between the screen and the concave lens LI1 is measured as u cm.
Now, the screen alone is moved back to obtain a clear image I2 on the screen.
The distance between the concave lens and the screen, LI2 is measured as v cm.
Using the values of u and v, the focal length of the concave lens is calculated using the formula, f= uv/u-v.
To repeat the experiment, remove the concave lens and bring the screen to the initial position. Then place the concave lens at a different position in between the convex lens and screen and record the values in the tabular column.
Focal length of concave lens, Mean f = …………….cm
Result:
The focal length of the concave lens by combination method = …………..cm
Simulator Procedure (as performed through the Online Labs)
Select the method from the drop down list.
Select the concave lens from the drop down list.
Lens in Contact
Select the distance between the lens (combination of convex lens and concave lens) and the object (wire gauze) using the slider.
To turn On the wire gauze, click on the ‘Light On’ button.
Adjust the distance between the lens and the screen using the slider to get a clear image of the wire gauze on the screen.
Note the value of u and v.
You can calculate the focal length (F) of combination of lenses using the formula F = uv/(u+v).
The focal length of convex lens (f1) is shown inside the simulator window.
You can calculate the focal length of the concave lens using the formula f2 = (f1F/(f1-F).
You can verify your result by clicking on the ‘Show result’ button.
Lens Out of Contact
To turn On the wire gauze, click on the ‘Light On’ button.
Adjust the distance between the convex lens and the screen using the slider to get a clear image of the wire gauze on the screen.
When a clear image is formed, click on the ‘Insert concave lens’ button to insert the concave lens in between the screen and the convex lens.
Set the position of the concave lens from the screen using the slider. It is taken as u.
Adjust the distance between the concave lens and the screen using the slider to get a clear image of the wire gauze on the screen. It is taken as v.
You can calculate the focal length of the concave lens using the formula f = uv/(u-v).
You can verify your result by clicking on the ‘Show result’ button.
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2) keep a black stone at the bottom of the vessel
3) now dip the lens into the water using circular lens holder such that it is at a distance which is less than or equal to focal length of the lens in air
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