write the reasons for the flood (any 4)
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What is a Flood?
Believe it or not, flooding is the deadliest type of severe weather. There’s probably a lot about floods and flooding you don’t know.
In this guide, we’ll go over everything there is to know about flooding; answering common questions like “What causes flooding?” and “Where does flooding occur?”
Use the buttons below to jump to the flood facts you care about the most, or read the entire Flooding 101 guide to become an expert!
Flood Facts
Flooding Causes & Effects
Flood Safety & Prevention
Worst Floods
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What is a Flood? | Types of Floods
Flooding gif with flowing floodwaters
When discussing floods, it’s important to understand what they are. Let’s start with a flooding definition.
A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry. Floods are an area of study in the discipline of hydrology. They are the most common and widespread natural severe weather event.
Floods can look very different because flooding covers anything from a few inches of water to several feet. They can also come on quickly or build gradually. To better answer the question of “What is a flood?” we’ll answer what each specific type of flooding event is.
According to our friends at the National Severe Storms Laboratory, there are five types of floods. They include:
A dark blue "1" in a red circle River Flood
A dark blue "2" in a red circle Coastal Flood
Storm Surge
A dark blue "4" in a red circle Inland Flooding
a dark blue "5" in a red circle Flash Flood
As you can infer from the list above, flooding can happen anywhere, including both coastal and inland locations. Let’s take a detailed look at the different types of floods.
What is a River Flood?
The first type of flooding we will explore is river flooding.
What is River Flooding?
A river flood occurs when water levels rise over the top of river banks. This flooding can happen in all river and stream channels. This includes everything from small streams to the world’s largest rivers.
Causes of River Flooding
River flooding typically happens for four reasons. They are:
Excessive rain from tropical storm systems making landfall
Persistent thunderstorms over the same area for extended periods
Combined rainfall and snowmelt
Ice jam
Warning and Flood Warning Systems, click here.
The National Weather Service provides on overview of the Preliminary US flood fatalities based on media sources and Storm Data / NWS input, showing only shows direct flood fatalities.
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Causes of Floods
- Flood is usually a result of natural causes. It may also be caused by man-made factors. It causes huge damage to life and property. There are many different causes leading to flooding. Some prominent among them include:
Massive Rainfall
- Drainage systems and the effective infrastructure design aid during heavy rains. They help the drainage of excess water into reservoirs in an easy way. But in cases of heavy rainfall, the systems stop working. Thus flood is caused.
Overflowing of the Rivers
- The people living along the river always have a risk of life from the overflowing of the Rivers. To prevent such a situation, a string of dams are built. However, if these dams are not managed properly, they may cause flooding and huge damage.
Collapsed Dams
- In the event of huge rainfall, the dams built begin to collapse. Thus, causing the flood situation to become even critical for the people living around.
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