Question

Write the Relation between
Density , Temperature, Refraction, Refractive index

Answer 1

Density:- Density, mass of a unit volume of a material substance. The formula for density is d = M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is volume. Density is commonly expressed in units of grams per cubic centimetre. For example, the density of air is 1.2 kilograms per cubic metre.

Temperature :- the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch.

Refraction :- Refraction is the bending of light (it also happens with sound, water and other waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another. This bending by refraction makes it possible for us to have lenses, magnifying glasses, prisms and rainbows. Even our eyes depend upon this bending of light.

Refractive index :- Refractive Index (Index of Refraction) is a value calculated from the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to that in a second medium of greater density. The refractive index variable is most commonly symbolized by the letter n or n' in descriptive text and mathematical equations.

Answer 2

Answer:

Absolute refractive index is defined as the ratio of speed of light in vacuum to that in a given medium. It is represented as μ

and numerically μ=cv

where c is speed of light in vacuum and v is speed of light in that given medium.

As speed of light in vacuum is constant and that is 3×108ms−1

so, we can say that refractive index for a medium is inversely proportional to speed of light in that given medium. Thus, denser is the medium, lesser will be the speed of light as a denser medium has great refractive index value. A rarer medium has greater speed of light in it as for a rarer medium, its refractive index value is low.

We can also say the medium with a higher refractive index in which speed of light is less, such medium is known as optically denser medium and on the other hand, the medium in which the speed of light is more with lower refractive index, such medium is known as optically rarer medium.

Note: Refractive index of a medium with respect to refractive index of another medium is known as relative refractive index. When light passes from one medium to the other, the refractive index of medium 2 with respect to 1 is written as 1μ2

and it can be given as:

1μ2=μ2μ1=(cv2)(cv1)=v1v2

.