write the significance of conjugation.give three points. zoology
Answers
Answer: Conjugation is a form of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) given that it involves the transfer of genetic material between bacteria (and even between bacteria and other organisms).
As compared to asexual reproduction through binary fission etc, conjugation allows for genetic material to not only be transferred between members of the same species but also between different genera and even organisms. Here, one of the biggest advantages of this process is that it facilitates evolutionary adaptation of the organism to different environments and habitats.
Through genetic transfer, bacteria are able to gain new characteristics that allow them to adapt and thus survive in environments they may not have survived in before. A good example of this includes bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics which allow them to continue thriving.
Conjugation has made it possible for scientists to study evolutionary mechanism facilitated by conjugation processes. In the process, they have also been able to study how bacterial species (and other microbes) develop antibiotic properties which have in turn made it possible to develop effective treatments.
Answer:
Bacteria use a number of processes, including conjugation, to move DNA and new genetic material between two cells.
Explanation:
- Conjugation is an easy way to deliver genetic material to many different recipients.
- Successful transfers from bacteria to yeast, plants, mammalian cells, diatoms, and isolated mammalian mitochondria have been documented in experimental settings.
- Conjugation is superior to other methods of genetic transfer because it causes less damage to the target's cellular envelope and can transmit significant amounts of genetic information (see the above discussion of E. coli chromosome transfer).
- Agrobacterium-like conjugation in plant engineering complements other common carriers like tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).
- TMV can infect a wide range of plant groups, however it mostly affects herbaceous dicots.
- Although monocot receivers are not uncommon, agrobacterium-like conjugation is also most frequently used for dicots.
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